Objective :in this study, we monitored and analyzed the perinatal birth defect in Luhe district, Nanjing in order to promptly establish proper measures to control this disease.Methods: According to the national birth defect monitoring protocol, 32562 perinatal samples during 28 weeks after pregnancy and 7 days after born were monitored. The term was from October 1, 2006 to September 30, 2011. The data were colected from al the hospitals or centers in Luhe district.Results: the monitoring results showed that 171 cases were diagnosed birth defect. The ratio was 5.25‰. It related to multi-influence factors including environment, maternal’s age on perinatal outcomes and baby gender etc.Conclusions:The perinatal birth defect could be controled efficiently by several ways, such as folowing the pregnant quality guideline, providing good environments to pregnant women, and improving the pre-pregnant diagnosis in terminal pregnancy.