Objective: To observe the effect of recombinant atrial natriuretic peptide in the treatment of acute heart failure. Methods: a completely randomized 80 patients were randomly divided into control group and treatment group, the control group for nitroglycerin treatment, control group received recombinant atrial natriuretic peptide treatment. Two groups were observed in patients with symptoms to improve the situation. Results: the effective rate of the treatment group was 92.5%, 67.5% in the control group, there was significant difference between two groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: recombinant atrial natriuretic peptide significantly in treatment of acute heart failure curative effect, worthy of clinical use.