Objective To investigate and analysis the clinical factors in patients with secondary hypothyroidism after 131I therapy for hyperthyroidism. Methods a retrospective analysis of our hospital in 2011 03 to 2013 03 months in the hospital clinical data of131I treatment for hyperthyroidism, regular folow-up after treatment, according to whether the patients were divided into secondary hypothyroidism hypothyroidism group and non hypothyroidism group, through statistical analysis of two groups in age, sex, course of disease, before and after the treatment of thyroid mass,131I dose, treatment of thyroid function, plan to give the ingestion dose per gram of thyroid tissue, whether the relationship between drug treatment received Department of internal medicine and factors such as hypothyroidism. After 1 years of folow-up results, 23.15% (50/216) subsequent hypothyroidism patients, 76.85% (166/216) in patients with thyroid returned to normal, the two groups had no significant difference in 131I dose (P>0.05), but there was significant difference between two groups of patients treated in the absorption dose per gram of tissue (P<0.05). Conclusion the clinical research results show that the 131I treatment of hyperthyroidism is closely related to131I and secondary hypothyroidism patients per gram of tissue uptake by, clinical on can by adjusting the dosage of 131I to reduce and avoid the occurrence of early hypothyroidism.