Changing patterns of physiological and biochemical indicators during the fruitlet abscission process of Areca catechu
After the process of flowering,the fruitlet abscission phenomenon in Areca catechu becomes highly pronounced,thereby serving as a crucial factor contributing to a substantial reduction in crop yield.In order to investigate the physiological and biochemical alterations that occur during the fruitlet abscis-sion phenomenon in A.catechu,this study utilized'Reyan 1'A.catechu as the experimental material.A 2 g-L-1 ethylene solution was sprayed to simulate the fruit drop process in A.catechu fruitlets.The analysis encompassed the fruitlet set rate,morphology of abscission zone(AZ)cells,carbohydrate content,endog-enous hormone content,and expression of related genes.The findings indicate that the application of eth-ylene resulted in a significant decrease in the total sugar and glucose levels in the AZ of A.catechu.Con-versely,there was a significant increase in the starch and sucrose contents.The contents of 1-amin-ocyclopropanecarboxylic acid(ACC)and abscisic acid(ABA)exhibited a substantial increase,whereas the contents of indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)and zeatin-riboside(ZR)experienced a significant decrease.Howev-er,the content of gibberellin A3(GA3)did not display any discernible pattern of change.The expression of AcEIN3,AcERF3,and AcNCED genes was up-regulated by ethylene induction,while the expression of the AcPIN-LIKE7 gene was down-regulated,and the expression of the AcCKX11 gene was up-regulated first and then down-regulated.In conclusion,during the development of A.catechu fruitlets,the decrease in IAA and ZR contents and the increase in ACC and ABA contents may be key signaling factors inducing fruitlet abscission,while the interruption of carbohydrate supply may promote fruitlet abscission.
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