Advances on diosgenin biosynthesis pathways and their key genes
Diosgenin,a steroid saponin compound,is a representative medicinal component in Dioscorea.It plays a direct role in multiple pharmacological activities.Diosgenin is also an important precursor sub-stance to produce more than 300 steroid hormones.In this paper,the research progresses on the distribu-tion,biosynthesis process,function,and its catalytic mechanism of diosgenin biosynthesis key enzyme genes are reviewed,including squalene epoxidase,cycloartenol synthase,cytochrome P450 enzyme and uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase etc.It provides the reference for improving the content of dios-genin in plants and promoting genetic breeding and cultivation of Dioscorea.
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