Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance the capacity of invasive Sphagneticola trilobata to tolerate herbicides
Aims Invasive Sphagneticola trilobata seriously endangers the stability of local plant communities and ecosystems.Recently,chemical control is still the most important method for controlling it.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)play an important role in the growth of host plants and their resistance to environmental stresses.Therefore,this study tested whether AMF played an important role in herbicide resistance of S.trilobata.Methods In this study,a greenhouse experiment was conducted,in which the stems of S.trilobata were subject to the following four treatments:control(CK),only inoculation of AMF,only application of herbicides(HC),and herbicide plus AMF(AMF+HC).Important findings The results showed that under the stress of glyphosate ammonium salt,the colonization rate,vesicle number and ratio of colonization abundance class increased significantly.Compared with herbicide application,AMF inoculation significantly increased the leaf area,above-ground biomass and root shoot ratio of S.trilobata,and significantly reduced the flavonol relative content and the damaged leaf number.This study found that the herbicide stress on invasive S.trilobata was alleviated because of the symbiosis with AMF.Therefore,AMF may greatly improve the resistance to chemical herbicides in this invasive forb.The results of this study may provide a new insight into the effective control of invasive weeds.
Sphagneticola trilobataarbuscular mycorrhizal fungiglyphosate ammonium salt herbicideplant-microbial interaction
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