Flowering, fruit set, embryological development, and pollination trials were investigated in Santalum album L.Each ovary may have three to four ovules. Microsporogenesis and megasporogenesis in the same flower were synchronized at the earlier stages of flower development. However, at anthesis, when pollen was mature, the magaspore had developed only to the stage of a one- to two-nucleus embryo sac. As the eight-nucleus embryo sac developed, some mamelon cells began to undergo programmed cell death, forming holes into which the eight-nucleus embryo sacs extended, becoming "N" or "S" shaped. The development from a two-nucleus embryo sac to a matured eight-nucleus embryo sac lasted up to 10 d. Fruit-set from open pollination was less than 2%. The endosperm develops prior to division of the zygotic embryo and one to three embryos and endosperms were formed in the same fruit. A mature seed usually germinates to produce one seedling;however, two and three seedlings from one seed were also observed, albeit at a Iow frequency. Pollination trials showed that no seed sets when inflorescences were covered with a bag; however, artificial pollination could improve fruit set. Our pollination trials and embryological studies proved that the flower of S. album is dichogamous and fruit set has high heterozygosity.
dichogamyembryonic developmentpollination trialsSantalum album
Guo-Hua Ma、Eric Bunn、Jing-Feng Zhang、Guo-Jiang Wu
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South China Botanical Garden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
Kings Park and Botanic Garden, West Perth, Western Australia 6005, Australia
Program of Hundred Talents of the Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangdong Key Scientific and Technological Project
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
维普
