Low temperature-mediated repression and far-red light-mediated induction determine morning FLOWERING LOCUS T expression levels

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外文摘要：In order to flower in the appropriate season,plants monitor light and temperature changes and alter downstream pathways that regulate florigen genes such as Arabidopsis(Arabidopsis thaliana)FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT).In Arabidopsis,FT messenger RNA levels peak in the morning and evening under natural long-day conditions(LDs).However,the regulatory mechanisms governing morning FT induction remain poorly understood.The morning FT peak is absent in typical labo-ratory LDs characterized by high red:far-red light(R:FR)ratios and constant temperatures.Here,we demonstrate that ZEITLUPE(ZTL)interacts with the FT repressors TARGET OF EATs(TOEs),thereby repressing morning FT expression in natural environments.Under LDs with simulated sunlight(R:FR=1.0)and daily temperature cycles,which are natural LD-mimicking environmental conditions,FT transcript levels in the ztl mutant were high specifically in the morning,a pattern that was mirrored in the toe1 toe2 double mutant.Low night-to-morning temperatures increased the inhibitory effect of ZTL on morning FT expression by increasing ZTL protein levels early in the morning.Far-red light counteracted ZTL activity by decreasing its abundance(possibly via phyto-chrome A(phyA))while increasing GIGANTEA(GI)levels and negatively affecting the formation of the ZTL-GI complex in the morning.Therefore,the phyA-mediated high-irradiance response and GI play pivotal roles in morning FT induction.Our findings suggest that the delicate balance be-tween low temperature-mediated ZTL activity and the far-red light-mediated functions of phyA and GI offers plants flexibility in fine-tuning their flowering time by controlling FT expression in the morning.

外文关键词：

far-red lightFLOWERING LOCUS Tflowering timeGIGANTEAlow night-to-morning temperaturenatural long daysphytochrome Ared to far-red ratioZEITLUPE

作者：

Hayeon Kim、Hye Won Kang、Dae Yeon Hwang、Nayoung Lee、Akane Kubota、Takato Imaizumi、Young Hun Song

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作者单位：

Department of Agricultural Biotechnology,Seoul National University,Seoul 08826,Korea

Department of Biology,Ajou University,Suwon 16499,Korea

Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute,Seoul National University,Seoul 08826,Korea

Graduate School of Science and Technology,Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Ikoma,Nara 630-0192,Japan

Department of Biology,University of Washington,Seattle,WA 98195,USA

Institute of Agricultural Life Sciences,Seoul National University,Seoul 08826,Korea

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基金：

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)KAKENHI grantJapan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)KAKENHI grantNational Institutes of Health(NIH)National Research Foundation(NRF)of Korea grant funded by the Korean Government(MSIT)National Research Foundation(NRF)of Korea grant funded by the Korean Government(MSIT)

项目编号：

19K1617023K05817R01GM079712NRF-2020R1A2C1014655NRF-2021R1A4A1032888

出版年：

2024

DOI：

10.1111/jipb.13595

植物学报(英文版)

中国植物学会

植物学报(英文版)

CSTPCD

影响因子：0.921

ISSN：1672-9072

年,卷(期)：2024.66(1)

参考文献量66