Abstract
Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites induced by environmental stimuli and developmental signals.The positive regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis have been reported,whereas the anthocyanin re-pressors have been neglected.Although the signal transduction pathways of gibberellin(GA)and jas-monic acid(JA)and their regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis have been investigated,the cross-talk between GA and JA and the antagonistic mechanism of regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis remain to be investigated.In this study,we identified the antho-cyanin repressor MdbHLH162 in apple and revealed its molecular mechanism of regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis by integrating the GA and JA signals.MdbHLH162 exerted passive repression by inter-acting with MdbHLH3 and MdbHLH33,which are two recognized positive regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis.MdbHLH162 negatively regulated an-thocyanin biosynthesis by disrupting the formation of the anthocyanin-activated MdMYB1-MdbHLH3/33 complexes and weakening transcriptional activation of the anthocyanin biosynthetic genes MdDFR and MdUF3GT by MdbHLH3 and MdbHLH33.The GA repressor MdRGL2a antagonized MdbHLH162-mediated inhibition of anthocyanins by sequestering MdbHLH162 from the MdbHLH162-MdbHLH3/33 complex.The JA repressors MdJAZ1 and MdJAZ2 interfered with the antagonistic regulation of MdbHLH162 by MdRGL2a by titrating the formation of the MdRGL2a-MdbHLH162 complex.Our findings reveal that MdbHLH162 integrates the GA and JA signals to negatively regulate anthocyanin biosyn-thesis.This study provides new information for dis-covering more anthocyanin biosynthesis repressors and explores the cross-talk between hormone signals.
基金项目
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2022YQ24)
Development Plan of the Youth Innovation Team of the Higher Education Institutions in Shandong Province(2022KJ326)
Wuhan Botanical Garden Scientific Research Support Project(E3559901)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据