Abstract
ChinaMu is the largest sequence-indexed Mutator(Mu)transposon insertional library in maize(Zea mays).In this study,we made significant im-provements to the size and quality of the ChinaMu library.We developed a new Mu-tag isolation method Mu-Tn5-seq(MuT-seq).Compared to the previous method used by ChinaMu,MuT-seq re-covered 1/3 more germinal insertions,while re-quiring only about 1/14 of the sequencing volume and 1/5 of the experimental time.Using MuT-seq,we identified 113,879 germinal insertions from 3,168 Mu-active F1 families.We also assembled a high-quality genome for the Mu-active line Mu-starter,which harbors the initial active MuDR el-ement and was used as the pollen donor for the mutation population.Using the Mu-starter ge-nome,we recovered 33,662(15.6％)additional germinal insertions in 3,244(7.4％)genes in the Mu-starter line.The Mu-starter genome also im-proved the assignment of 117,689(54.5％)ger-minal insertions.The newly upgraded ChinaMu dataset currently contains 215,889 high-quality germinal insertions.These insertions cover 32,224 pan-genes in the Mu-starter and B73Ref5 ge-nomes,including 23,006(80.4％)core genes shared by the two genomes.As a test model,we investigated Mu insertions in the pentatricopep-tide repeat(PPR)superfamily,discovering in-sertions for 92％(449/487)of PPR genes in Chi-naMu,demonstrating the usefulness of ChinaMu as a functional genomics resource for maize.
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