首页|Phylotranscriptomic and ecological analyses reveal the evolution and morphological adaptation of Abies
Phylotranscriptomic and ecological analyses reveal the evolution and morphological adaptation of Abies
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Coniferous forests are under severe threat of the rapid anthropogenic climate warming.Abies(firs),the fourth-largest conifer genus,is a keystone component of the boreal and temperate dark-coniferous forests and harbors a remarkably large number of relict taxa.However,the uncertainty of the phylogenetic and biogeographic history of Abies significantly impedes our prediction of future dy-namics and efficient conservation of firs.In this study,using 1,533 nuclear genes generated from transcriptome sequencing and a complete sampling of all widely recognized species,we have success-fully reconstructed a robust phylogeny of global firs,in which four clades are strongly supported and all intersectional relationships are resolved,although phylogenetic discordance caused mainly by in-complete lineage sorting and hybridization was detected.Molecular dating and ancestral area reconstruction suggest a Northern Hemisphere high-latitude origin of Abies during the Late Creta-ceous,but all extant firs diversified during the Mio-cene to the Pleistocene,and multiple continental and intercontinental dispersals took place in re-sponse to the late Neogene climate cooling and orogenic movements.Notably,four critically en-dangered firs endemic to subtropical mountains of China,including A.beshanzuensis,A.ziyuanensis,A.fanjingshanensis and A.yuanbaoshanensis from east to west,have different origins and evolutionary histories.Moreover,three hotspots of species rich-ness,including western North America,central Japan,and the Hengduan Mountains,were identi-fied in Abies.Elevation and precipitation,particularly precipitation of the coldest quarter,are the most significant environmental factors driving the global distribution pattern of fir species diversity.Some morphological traits are evolutionarily constrained,and those linked to elevational variation(e.g.,purple cone)and cold resistance(e.g.,pubescent branch and resinous bud)may have contributed to the di-versification of global firs.Our study sheds new light on the spatiotemporal evolution of global firs,which will be of great help to forest management and species conservation in a warming world.
Zhou-Rui Wei、Dan Jiao、Christian Anton Wehenkel、Xiao-Xin Wei、Xiao-Quan Wang
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State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops and Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,Institute of Botany,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China
China National Botanical Garden,Beijing 100093,China
College of Life Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
Instituto de Silvicultura e Industria de la Madera,Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango,Durango 34000,Mexico
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