Adaptability of Floral Characteristics to a Fly Pollinator in Bulbophyllum andersonii(Orchidaceae)
To reveal the reproductive characteristics and pollination mechanisms of Bulbophyllum andersonii,the pollination biology including flowering phenology,breeding system,pollinator,flower morphological characteristics,and flower volatile components were investigated in a wild population in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan in 2023.The results were as follows:the blooming period of B.andersonii was in mid-July,and the individual flowering period was five days.The breeding system was outcrossing and dependent on pollinators,and the natural seed setting rate was 26.06%.Bagging experiments indicated self-incompatibility,no apomixis and no spontaneous autogamy.Floral features such as the hinge structure of the labellum,pollination channels,and broad lateral sepals played important roles in pollination.Gampsocera sp.(Chloropidae)was the only effective pollinator and exhibited lip-licking behavior during the flower visit.Using Scanning Electron Microscopy,a large number of special particles were observed on the lips of B.andersonii,which might be the food rewards for the flower visitors.Flower volatile odors primarily contained monoterpenoids and aromatics,among which 1,2-Dimethoxybenzene and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide might be related to the flower visiting behavior of insects.The results indicated that the flower morphology and flower scent of B.andersonii were adaptable to pollination by Gampsocera sp.,which seemed to be apt to a specialized pollination system.
Bulbophyllum andersoniibreeding systempollination biologyflower morphologyfloral scent
万方数据
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