首页|Near-Field Beam Training for Holographic MIMO Communications:Typical Methods,Challenges and Future Directions
Near-Field Beam Training for Holographic MIMO Communications:Typical Methods,Challenges and Future Directions
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Holographic multiple-input multiple-output(HMIMO)has become an emerging technology for achieving ultra-high frequency spec-tral efficiency and spatial resolution in future wireless systems.The increasing antenna aperture leads to a more significant characterization of the spherical wavefront in near-field communications in HMIMO scenarios.Beam training as a key technique for wireless communication is worth exploring in this near-field scenario.Compared with the widely researched far-field beam training,the increased dimensionality of the search space for near-field beam training poses a challenge to the complexity and accuracy of the proposed algorithm.In this paper,we intro-duce several typical near-field beam training methods:exhaustive beam training,hierarchical beam training,and multi-beam training that in-cludes equal interval multi-beam training and hash multi-beam training.The performances of these methods are compared through simulation analysis,and their effectiveness is verified on the hardware testbed as well.Additionally,we provide application scenarios,research chal-lenges,and potential future research directions for near-field beam training.
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