The Sources of Political Normativity:The Debates between Williams and Rawls
This article clarifies the two critiques raised by political realism,as epitomized by Bernard Williams,upon John Rawls'later political philosophy,which target at Rawl's prioritization of morality over politics and his treatment of political norms as applied morality.I shall analyze how both thinkers address the common task of establishing autonomous political norms.Rawls acknowledges the justificatory priority of morality in addressing political normativity,whereas Williams contends that political norms can be derived from the constitutive character of politics,albeit with inherent challenges.Rawls's theory,grounded in a normative conception of the political person,offers a potential solution to understanding the genesis of political norms and searching for the source of normativity inherent in politics.