Denaturalization of Nature:Spinoza's Dismantlement and Transformation of Formal Cause
Spinoza,shaped by modern philosophy,came to recognize that Aristotle's concept of formal cause obstructed the dynamic mechanisms of modern sciences.To address this issue,he developed a metaphysics of powers which is more comprehensive than that of Descartes',dismantling the foundational role of formal cause in explaining change.By redefining attributes and infinite modes as the essence of things,Spinoza dissolved the naturalistic worldview of ancient and medieval thoughts,thereby accomplishing what this paper terms as the"denaturalization of nature."This transformation laid the ground for the dynamic modern world but posed significant challenges to later philosophers like Leibniz and Kant,who had to grapple with this evolving landscape.
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