DEVELOPMENT-ECONOMY-ENVIRONMENT COUPLING COORDINATED DEVELOPMENT AND TEMPORAL-SPATIAL EVOLUTION OF YELLOW RIVER'S MINERAL RESOURCES
Long-term over mining activities in Yellow River stream have led to severe eco-environmental issues.It is a key mission to promote a quality economy under environmental constraints.This paper,based on case study on 9 Yellow River stream provinces,selects 3 systems mineral resources development,economy and environment and their 7 tier-2 indicators and 28 tier-3 indicators to establish a coupling coordination evaluation system of mineral resources development,economy and environment in Yellow River stream,which is used to evaluate their comprehensive developing levels of the three systems in 9 provinces via their 2011 to 2021 panel data and by means of entropy.A coupling coordination model is constructed to study their coupling coordination among the three sub-systems with ArcGIS used to analyze its evolution in spatial pattern.All 9 provinces gained a rising comprehensive development index during 2011 to 2021 with down-stream higher than middle-stream and followed by the upper-stream,at 60.9%,51.9%and 59.2%respectively.Province numbers with high coupling index have been increasing during 2011 to 2021 and provinces with low index have been decreasing.Coupling index in the middle-and down-stream is higher than the entire stream.From time scale,some provinces have been above coordinated during 2011 to 2021,some not with imbalanced coupling coordination but steadily forward.Spatially,all nine provinces have been stably rising in their coordinated index with 8 at coordinated,88.89%of the total,high in east and low in west with polarization across provinces.This research provides theoretical references for Yellow River stream to protect and harness environment and to reach a regional economic coordinated development.This paper presents suggestions on focusing on imbalanced development,on planning,on developing mineral resources and on boosting eco-environment.
Yellow River streamcoupling coordinationentropytemporal-spatial evolution