Most of the research on chapter Confucius visited Nan Zi in the Analects has focused on the event itself,but there is few analysis of"the master swore".In fact,the center of this chapter is not in"Confucius visited Nan Zi",but in"the master swore".Based on the alliance oath system in the pre-Qin period,combined with Confucius'consistent way,the interpretation of"the master swore"will further reveal the meaning of the interaction between divinity and morality in the Confucius perspective of heavenly mandate,and highlight the original Confucian ideological style of inheriting the past and forging ahead into the future.Specifically,Confucius'concept of the divine mandate evolved from the alliance oath system prevalent during the Spring and Autumn Period.This system was characterized by oaths offered to heaven,reflecting a religious aspect and the belief in a"divine mandate"that justified the heaven's authority.However,Confucius integrated the practice of alliance oath system,which traditionally relied on the divine power of heaven,into its ethical system,transforming the notion of the divine mandate from a religious justification to a moral one within the Confucian system.This transformation emphasized the cultivation of virtue and benevolence,aligning the divine mandate more closely with moral principles rather than the divine right of heaven.
"the master swore"alliance oath systemheavenly mandate
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