摘要
目的 分析中国女性乳腺癌死亡情况及趋势变化,为女性乳腺癌防控提供参考.方法 从《中国死因监测数据集2017/2018/2019/2020/2021年》版本中提取女性乳腺癌(ICD编码:C50)的总死亡数、分年龄段死亡数、城乡死亡数和死亡率等指标,分析死亡率趋势变化.利用SPSS 22.0软件进行x2检验或者趋势x2检验,以P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义.结果 2017-2021年中国女性乳腺癌累计死亡52 846例,年均死亡率为7.86/10万.2017年女性乳腺癌死亡率为7.81/10万,2021年为8.00/10万,死亡率呈上升趋势(x2趋势=4.468,P=0.035).2017-2021年中国城市女性乳腺癌累计死亡21 614例,年均死亡率为9.35/10万,农村女性乳腺癌累计死亡31 232例,年均死亡率为7.08/10万,城市女性年均乳腺癌死亡率高于农村女性(x2=996.427,P＜0.001).2017年城市女性乳腺癌死亡率为9.50/10万,2021年为9.33/10万,死亡率变化趋势无统计学意义(x2趋势=0.482,P=0.487).2017年农村女性乳腺癌死亡率为6.95/10万,2021年为7.29/10万,死亡率呈上升趋势(x2趋势=9.230,P=0.002).2017-2021年中国女性的乳腺癌死亡率在29岁及以前相对较低,随着年龄的增长,女性乳腺癌死亡率逐渐增加,在65～69岁达到第1个高峰,随后在≥85岁组,乳腺癌死亡率达到最高峰.30～34岁、35～39岁、40～44岁、45～49岁、50～54岁、60～64岁和65～69岁乳腺癌死亡率逐渐下降,但仅30～34岁(x2趋势=13.103,P＜0.001)、50～54 岁(x2趋势=328.612,P＜0.001)、60～64 岁(x2趋势=118.259,P＜0.001)和 65～69 岁(x2趋 势=38.863,P＜0.001)下降趋势有统计学意义.70～74岁、75～79岁、80～84岁和≥85岁乳腺癌死亡率呈上升趋势,但仅75～79岁组(x2趋势=21.549,P＜0.001)上升趋势有统计学意义.结论 2017-2021年中国女性乳腺癌死亡率逐年上升,城市女性年均乳腺癌死亡率高于农村女性,70岁及以上女性乳腺癌死亡率逐年上升.
Abstract
Objective To analyze the mortality and trends of female breast cancer in China,so as toprovide reference for prevention and control of female breast cancer.Methods The total number of deaths,age-specific death number,urban and rural death numbers,overall mortality rate and other indicators of female breast cancer(international classification of diseases(ICD)code:C50)were extracted from the Chinese Death Cause Monitoring Dataset(2017-2021 editions).The change trends of mortality rate were analyzed by x2 test or trend x2 test conducted by SPSS 22.0,and P＜0.05 considered to be statistically different.Results From 2017 to 2021,a total of 52 846 women died of breast cancer in China,with an average annual mortality rate of 7.86/105.The mortality rate of breast cancer among women was 7.81/105 in 2017 and 8.00/105 in 2021,showing an increasing trend(x 2trend=4.468,P=0.035).From 2017 to 2021,a total of 21 614 urban women died of breast cancer,with an average annual mortality rate of 9.35/105.A total of 31 232 rural women died of breast cancer,with an average annual mortality rate of 7.08/105.The average annual mortality rate of urban women was higher than that of rural women(x2=996.427,P＜0.001).The mortality rate of urban women with breast cancer was 9.50/105 in 2017 and 9.33/105 in 2021,and the change trend of mortality rate was not statistically significant(x2trend=0.482,P=0.487).The mortality rate of rural women with breast cancer was 6.95/105 in 2017 and 7.29/105 in 2021,showing an increasing trend(x2trend=9.230,P=0.002).From 2017 to 2021,the mortality rate of breast cancer was relatively lower among women aged ≤29 years.However,it gradually increased with age.The first peak occurred in the 65-69 years old age group,followed by the highest peak in the ≥85 age group.The mortality rates gradually decreased in the 30-34,35-39,40-44,45-49,50-54,60-64 and 65-69 years old age groups,but only the downward trends of 30-34(x2trend=13.103,P＜0.001),50-54(x2trend=328.612,P＜0.001),60-64(x2trend=118.259,P＜0.001)and 65-69(x2trend=38.863,P＜0.001)years old age groups were statistically significant.The mortality rates of breast cancer showed an increasing trend in 70-74,75-79,80-84 and ≥85 years old age groups,but only the increasing trend of the 75-79 years old age group was statistically significant(x2trend=21.549,P＜0.001).Conclusions The mortality rate of female breast cancer in China gradually increased from 2017 to 2021.The average annual breast cancer mortality rate of urban women was higher than that of rural women,and the mortality rate of women aged ≥70 years old was increasing year by year.
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