Exploration of the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Microvascular Angina Based on the Theory of Collateral Disease
Microvascular angina(MVA)is one of the common clinical conditions and falls under the category of"heart collateral disease."Its pathogenesis is complex,and the therapeutic effects of anti-anginal drugs such as nitrates,ranolazine,and nicorandil are often unsatisfactory,significantly affecting patients' prognosis and quality of life.Conbined with the correlation between the structure and function of collaterals and microvessels,as well as physiological and pathological factors,and based on the theory of collaterals,this article analyzes the etiology and pathogenesis of microvascular angina and explores treatment methods.The core pathogenesis of MVA is the obstruction of the collateral vessels.From the perspective of collaterals,"deficiency""stagnation"and"stasis"are identified as the primary pathological factors.For collateral obstruction caused by heart collateral deficiency,the treatment methods of tonifying deficiency and unblocking the collaterals,and resolving stasis to relieve pain should be applied;for stagnation of collateral qi,regulating qi to relieve stagnation,activating blood circulation,and promoting the collaterals should be employed;and the combination of phlegm and blood stasis,replenish qi,resolving phlegm,and resolving stasis to unblock the collaterals should be used.
Theory of collateral diseaseMicrovascular anginaEtiology and pathogenesis