Research progress in enzymatic synthesis of structured lipids and improvement of the synthetic effect by enzyme engineering
The utilization of lipase in synthesis structured lipids(SLs)from natural oils confers additional health properties and effectively enhances their value-added potential.This paper provided a comprehensive review of recent studies on the enzymatic preparation of SLs,summarizing the advancements in structural design and immo-bilized enzyme engineering technology to improve the efficiency of their synthesis by enzymatic approaches.The sn-1,3 regiospecific lipase enabled the precise synthesis of SLs,while employing stepwise variable temperature reactions,supercritical fluid reactions,vacuum reactions,and ultrasonic-assisted methods could inhibit the acyl migration effects and further enhance product yield.Furthermore,structural design could enhance the catalytic efficiency,stability,and substrate specificity of lipases to elevate the efficiency and yield in enzymatic synthesis of SLs.Immobilized enzyme technology could enhance enzyme reactivity and stability while reducing the costs of enzymatic synthesis of SLs.In the future,the high-performance enzymes should be developed by combining structural modifi-cation and novel immobilization technology on the basis of the clearer understanding of their structure-function char-acteristics.These insights would contribute to innovation and advancement in efficient and precise enzymatic syn-thesis processes for SLs.
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