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民事在线诉讼同意权的实践困境与理论补给

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立法规范的粗疏与理论供给的不足导致民事在线诉讼同意权司法适用的分化与异化.赋予当事人民事在线诉讼同意权可以动态满足个案中当事人的需要,也是最大程度实现在线诉讼效益价值和差异化公正价值的必然要求.民事在线诉讼同意权的主观范围和客观范围共同限定了权利的边界.其中,主观范围不宜根据诉讼主体职业类型界定,而应结合既判力主观范围进行分析;客观范围和形式则需结合具体诉讼环节和诉讼程序确定.民事在线诉讼同意权不仅包含消极效力,而且在一定范围内应包含积极效力.在权利保障方面,应设计恰当的事前告知和事中、事后救济方案.法院的诉讼告知和意见征询应以保障当事人意愿的主客观相统一为目标.程序异议权、转换申请权和上诉权共同构成了民事在线诉讼同意权的救济体系.
On the Right of Consent to Civil Online Litigation:the Practical Dilemmas and Theoretical Supplies
The roughness of legislative norms and insufficiency of theoretical supplies have led to the differentiation and alienation of the judicial application of the right of consent to civil online litigation.Granting litigants the right of consent to civil online litigation is a necessary requirement for dynamically meeting the needs of litigants in individual cases,achieving values of online litigation,i.e.efficiency and differentiated fairness,to the largest extent.The subjective and objective scopes of the right of consent to civil online litigation jointly define the boundaries of the right.Among them,the subjective scope should not be defined according to the types of occupations of litigants,but be analyzed in conjunction with the subjective scope of res judicata;the objective scope and form need to be determined in conjunction with specific link and procedure in the litigation.The right of consent to civil online litigation includes not only negative effect but also positive effect within some sphere.In terms of right protection,it is necessary to design proper plans on prior notification and the during-process remedy and subsequent remedy.The court's litigation notification and opinion seeking should aim to ensure the subjective and objective unity of intentions of the litigants involved.The right to objection to procedures of online litigation,the right to apply for conversion between online and offline,and the right to appeal together constitute the remedy system of the right of consent to civil online litigation.

Online Civil Litigationthe Litigants'Right of ConsentProcedural SelectionProcedural Guarantee

赵小军

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北京邮电大学人文学院法律系,北京 100876

民事在线诉讼 当事人同意权 程序选择 程序保障

2024

政治与法律
上海社会科学院法学研究所

政治与法律

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.545
ISSN:1005-9512
年,卷(期):2024.(12)