首页|Structurally complex sea grass obstructs the sixth sense of a specialized avian molluscivore

Structurally complex sea grass obstructs the sixth sense of a specialized avian molluscivore

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  • NETL
  • NSTL
  • Elsevier
Predators have evolved many different ways to detect hidden prey by using advanced sensory organs. However, in some environmental contexts sensory information may be obscured. The relation between sensory organs, obstruction and searching efficiency remains little explored. In this study we experimentally examined the ways in which a sensory system ('remote detection'), which enables red knots, Calidris canutus, to detect hard objects buried in wet soft sediments, is obstructed by plants. At an important coastal nonbreeding site of this species, the Banc d'Arguin (Mauritania, West Africa), most of the intertidal foraging area is covered by sea grass. The structurally complex networks of belowground roots and rhizomes and aboveground sea grass may obstruct information on the presence of buried bivalves and thus affect searching efficiency. Under aviary conditions we offered red knots buried bivalves in either bare soft sediments or in sea grass patches and measured prey encounter rates. Red knots detected prey by direct touch in sea grass but remotely in bare sediment. Physical modelling of the pressure field build-up around a probing bill showed that within a layer of sea grass rhizomes, permeability is reduced to the extent that the pressure field no longer reveals the presence of an object. In bare sediment, where searching efficiency is constant, red knot intake rate levelled off with increasing prey density (described by a so-called type II functional response). In the sea grass beds, however, prey density increases with sea grass density and simultaneously decreases searching efficiency, which will at some point lead to a decrease in intake rate when prey densities increase (i.e. a type IV functional response). Clearly, prey detection mechanisms dictate that the combined effects of prey density and habitat complexity should be taken into account when predicting forager distributions and habitat preference. (C) 2016 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Calidris canutusobstructionprey detectionsea grasssearching efficiency

de Fouw, Jimmy、van der Heide, Tjisse、Oudman, Thomas、Maas, Leo R. M.、Piersma, Theunis、van Gils, Jan A.

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NIOZ Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, Dept Coastal Syst, POB 59, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands|Univ Utrecht, POB 59, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands

Univ Groningen, Groningen Inst Evolutionary Life Sci GELIFES, Groningen, Netherlands|Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Water & Wetland Res, Aquat Ecol & Environm Biol Grp, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands

Univ Utrecht, POB 59, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands|NIOZ Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, Dept Phys Oceanog, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands

NIOZ Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, Dept Coastal Syst, POB 59, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands|Univ Utrecht, POB 59, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands|Univ Groningen, Groningen Inst Evolutionary Life Sci GELIFES, Conservat Ecol Grp, Chair Global Flyway Ecol, Groningen, Netherlands

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2016

10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.02.017

Animal behaviour

Animal behaviour

SCI
ISSN：0003-3472
年,卷(期)：2016.115
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