Abstract
From the background information supplied by the inventors, news correspondents obtained the followingquote: “Use of stored-value instruments has increased dramatically in recent years. Consumers purchaseor otherwise obtain stored-value instruments, often in the form of gift cards, and use a monetary valueassociated with these instruments to purchase goods or services at corresponding merchants. Historically,gift cards provide a restricted monetary equivalent or scrip that is issued by retailers or banks as analternative to a non-monetary gift.