Abstract
The following quote was obtained by the news editors from the background information supplied by theinventors: “Counterfeit items are a large problem in many industries, particularly in developing countries.They can erode consumer confidence or in extreme cases, cause actual, physical harm, and/or generatelosses for manufacturers and distributors. For example, a customer who receives a poor quality counterfeitmay associate that bad experience with the brand. Even in developed markets, where counterfeiting is amore rare occurrence, significant brand risk exists. For example, a study from the 1990s on a poor-qualitycounterfeit shampoo released in Europe showed that on average a disappointed consumer told six peopleabout a poorly performing product.
NETL
NSTL