Abstract
Reporters obtained the following quote from the background information supplied by the inventors:“Robot navigation is one of the fundamental challenges in robo tics. To operate effectively, various mobile robots require robust navigation in dynamic environments. Robot navigation is often defined as finding apath from a start position to a goal position (and optionally goal orientation), and execu ting the path in arobust and safe manner. Typically, robot navigation requires a robot to perceive its environment, localizeitself with respect to a target, r eason about obstacles in its immediate vicinity, and also reason about along-ra nge path to the overall goal position.