摘要
新闻编辑从发明人提供的背景信息中获得了以下引文：“目前有许多用于培训医疗保健人员的病人模拟器或系统，包括完全基于屏幕的模拟系统和人体模型系统，包括机器人人病人模拟器(HPS)。在基于屏幕的系统中，基于计算机的虚拟病人显示在屏幕上。视觉外观可以包括二维计算机图形，3D图形IC、立体图像或头部跟踪图像。然而，通常与任何类似于真实物理患者的东西没有物理上的相互作用。基于人体模型的模拟器通常由计算机控制/机器人控制，可以对一系列响应进行编程，模拟各种医疗症状和问题。它们能够模拟可以被检查的物理症状，如心率、血压等。可用的模拟器范围从相对简单和便宜的人体模型(又称“人体模型”)到基本“部分任务”训练有用，例如美国专利中公开的。编号：6227864.其他可用的患者模拟人体模型利用复杂的计算机控制系统来提供更真实的环境，例如在美国专利申请中公开。编号：6273728.不幸的是，人体模型的视觉外观和某些行为往往是静态的和不现实的-通常没有能力改变诸如皮肤颜色、皮肤温度、患者种族或性别，或者患者的形状/大小。大多数病人模拟器也无法感知医疗保健提供者的触摸（位置和力量）；因此，模拟病人无法对身体接触做出反应，无论是生理上还是运动上。
Abstract
The following quote was obtained by the news editors from the background informa tion supplied by the inventors: “There are presently a number of patient simulat or systems for training healthcare personnel, including fully screen-based simul ated systems and mannequin systems, including robotic Human Patient Simulators ( HPS). In the screen-based systems, a computer-based virtual patient is displayed on a screen. The visual appearance could include 2D computer graphics, 3D graph ics, stereo, or head-tracked imagery. However, there is typically no physical in teraction with anything resembling a real physical patient. The mannequin-based simulators are typically computer controlled/robotic and can be programmed for a range of responses that simulate a variety of healthcare symptoms and problems. They are able to simulate physical symptoms that can be checked such as heart r ate, blood pressure, and simulated breathing. The available simulators range fro m relatively simple and inexpensive mannequins (a.k.a. “manikins”) useful for ba sic “part task” training, such as that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,227,864. Oth er available patient simulator mannequins utilize complex computer-controlled sy stems to provide more realistic environments, as disclosed for example in U.S. P at. No. 6,273,728. Unfortunately, the mannequin’s visual appearance and certain behaviors are often static and unrealistic-there is typically no ability to chan ge such things as the skin color, the skin temperature, the patient race or gend er, nor the patient shape/size. Most patient simulators also have no way of sens ing the touch (location and force) of the healthcare provider; hence the simulat ed patient is unable to react to physical contact, neither physiologically nor e motionally.
NETL
NSTL