摘要
由一位新闻记者兼机器人与机器学习的工作人员新闻编辑每日新闻-机器人的新研究是一份报告的主旨。根据《中国人民日报》记者从北京发回的新闻报道，研究表明：“近年来，由于人工智能(AI)的集成，危重病医学领域取得了重大进展。特别是人工智能机器人已经从理论概念发展到临床试验和应用的积极实施。”我们的新闻编辑从中国人民解放军医学院(PLA)的研究中获得了一句话，"以依赖大量医疗信息而闻名的重症监护室(ICU)为部署机器人人工智能提供了一个有希望的前景。本文旨在通过对人工智能机器人在重症监护病房的研究、发展和应用的回顾，全面总结人工智能机器人在重症监护领域的现状，并探讨其使用带来的伦理挑战，包括与安全、患者隐私、责任划分等相关的问题。按照Arksey和O'Malley提出的范围审查框架和PRISMA(系统审查和Me TA分析的首选报告项目)指南，我们进行了范围审查，以划定ICU人工智能机器人这一领域的研究范围，并报告了研究结果。文献搜索于2023年5月1日在3个数据库中进行：PubMed，Embas E，和IEEE Xplore数字图书馆。符合条件的出版物最初根据其标题和摘要进行筛选。通过初步筛选的出版物进行了全面审查。从最终出版物中提取、总结和分析了各种研究特征。在筛选的5908篇出版物中，77篇(1.3%)进行了全面审查。这些研究总共跨越了21个ICU机器人项目，包括其系统开发和测试、临床试验、根据一个经过严格审查的分类框架，这些机器人被分为5大类：医疗辅助机器人、护理辅助机器人、康复辅助机器人、远程呈现机器人、后勤和消毒机器人。大多数这些机器人已经在ICU中广泛部署和商业化，尽管还有一部分仍在测试中。所有的机器人系统和工具都被设计为提供更个性化、更方便、更安全的服务。本文进一步探讨了当前ICU面临的主要挑战，特别是伦理和安全问题，提出了可行的解决方案或方法，并阐述了人工智能驱动机器人技术在ICU环境中的应用前景和潜力。我们预见机器人在ICU从入院到出院的全面自动化连续过程中的关键作用。本综述强调了人工智能机器人通过改善患者治疗、支持和康复过程来改变ICU护理的潜力。
Abstract
By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Robotics & Machine Learning Daily News Daily News – New research on Robotics is the subjec t of a report. According to news reporting originating from Beijing, People’s Re public of China, by NewsRx correspondents, research stated, “In recent epochs, t he field of critical medicine has experienced significant advancements due to th e integration of artificial intelligence (AI). Specifically, AI robots have evol ved from theoretical concepts to being actively implemented in clinical trials a nd applications.” Our news editors obtained a quote from the research from the Medical School of C hinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA), “The intensive care unit (ICU), known for its reliance on a vast amount of medical information, presents a promising aven ue for the deployment of robotic AI, anticipated to bring substantial improvemen ts to patient care. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the current st ate of AI robots in the field of critical care by searching for previous studies , developments, and applications of AI robots related to ICU wards. In addition, it seeks to address the ethical challenges arising from their use, including co ncerns related to safety, patient privacy, responsibility delineation, and cost- benefit analysis. Following the scoping review framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley and the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Me ta-Analyses) guidelines, we conducted a scoping review to delineate the breadth of research in this field of AI robots in ICU and reported the findings. The lit erature search was carried out on May 1, 2023, across 3 databases: PubMed, Embas e, and the IEEE Xplore Digital Library. Eligible publications were initially scr eened based on their titles and abstracts. Publications that passed the prelimin ary screening underwent a comprehensive review. Various research characteristics were extracted, summarized, and analyzed from the final publications. Of the 59 08 publications screened, 77 (1.3%) underwent a full review. These studies collectively spanned 21 ICU robotics projects, encompassing their system development and testing, clinical trials, and approval processes. Upon an exper t-reviewed classification framework, these were categorized into 5 main types: t herapeutic assistance robots, nursing assistance robots, rehabilitation assistan ce robots, telepresence robots, and logistics and disinfection robots. Most of t hese are already widely deployed and commercialized in ICUs, although a select f ew remain under testing. All robotic systems and tools are engineered to deliver more personalized, convenient, and intelligent medical services to patients in the ICU, concurrently aiming to reduce the substantial workload on ICU medical s taff and promote therapeutic and care procedures. This review further explored t he prevailing challenges, particularly focusing on ethical and safety concerns, proposing viable solutions or methodologies, and illustrating the prospective ca pabilities and potential of AI-driven robotic technologies in the ICU environmen t. Ultimately, we foresee a pivotal role for robots in a future scenario of a fu lly automated continuum from admission to discharge within the ICU. This review highlights the potential of AI robots to transform ICU care by improving patient treatment, support, and rehabilitation processes.”
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