摘要
细菌素是革兰氏阳性或革兰氏阴性细菌通过核糖体合成的抗菌肽，以获得竞争优势。大多数细菌素来自革兰氏阳性细菌，其中乳酸菌是最常见的来源。由于细菌素被认为是“天然的”，目前细菌素作为食品防腐剂的应用有重大的发展。作为防腐剂，细菌素的活性高度依赖于纯度，直至氨基酸分布和序列。因此，细菌素的鉴定非常重要。目前，MS是细菌素鉴定的前沿工具。该方法具有较高的选择性、灵敏度和分辨率。据我们所知，目前专注于MS用于细菌素鉴定的系统综述有限。有鉴于此，本研究的目的是全面回顾和总结细菌素研究中的MS技术，特别关注细菌素新来源的发现和表征。此外，还强调了与从各种来源发现细菌素、它们作为抗菌剂的作用以及它们的合成有关的研究。因此，本研究全面分析了所采用方法的优势、局限性和未来前景。
Abstract
Bacteriocins are antimicrobial peptides synthesised ribosomally by Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria to gain a competitive advantage. The majority of bacteriocins are derived from Gram-positive bacteria, with lactic acid bacteria being the most common source. Because they are considered 'natural', there is currently significant development of bacteriocins for application as food preservative agents. As a preservative agent, bacteriocin activity is highly dependent on purity, down to the amino acid profile and sequence. Therefore, bacteriocin identification is important. Currently, MS is a cutting-edge tool in bacteriocin identification. This method has high selectivity, sensitivity and resolution. To the best of our knowledge, systematic reviews focusing on the application of MS for bacteriocin identification are currently limited. In light of this, the objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive review and summary of MS technologies in bacteriocin research, with a particular focus on the discovery and characterisation of novel sources of bacteriocin. Additionally, studies related to the discovery of bacteriocins from various sources, their role as antimicrobial agents, and their synthesis are emphasised. Thus, this study presents a comprehensive analysis of the advantages, limitations, and future perspectives of the methods employed.
NETL
NSTL
Wiley