首页|Total factor productivity and education on CO 2 emissions: evidence from ASEAN + 3 countries
Total factor productivity and education on CO 2 emissions: evidence from ASEAN + 3 countries
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NSTL
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil fuel combustion significantly contribute to environmental degradation and climate change, leading to severe societal impacts, such as extreme weather and disrupted agriculture. This study examines the relationship between total factor productivity (TFP), educational attainment, and CO2emissions in selected ASEAN + 3 countries from 1991 to 2022. Using dynamic panel data methods and the pooled mean group (PMG) estimator, findings reveal that while population growth and economic development positively affect CO2emissions, TFP and education have a negative long-term impact. In the short term, only population growth is statistically significant. Prioritising TFP growth and responsible consumption can reduce emissions. Higher educational attainment fosters innovation in low-carbon technologies, accelerating emission reductions across industries. Policymakers can facilitate TFP growth and promote climate-friendly practices, while educated individuals play a crucial role in systematically mitigating CO2emissions.
NETL
NSTL
