Load-balanced multilayered clustering protocol to maximise the lifetime of wireless sensor networks

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外文摘要：This paper introduces an innovative clustering protocol for load balancing in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In the proposed protocol, square shape clusters of equal area are arranged in a multilayer fashion, and the base station is at the centre of the network. The equal area of square clusters offers a nearly equal number of member nodes in each cluster that leads to comparable energy consumption at cluster heads for transmitting and receiving data from member nodes. This paper also introduces a new routing approach in which hop selection is based on the difference of angle between the source and destination cluster heads with respect to a particular point. The efficiency of the proposed protocol concerning network lifetime and energy consumption is evaluated and compared with low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH), enhanced-modified LEACH (E-MODLEACH) and least distance clustering (LDC). The proposed protocol's efficiency is also evaluated for different optimisation algorithms.

外文关键词：

WSNwireless sensor networkclustering protocolload balancingnetwork lifetimeGWOgrey wolf optimiserPSOparticle swarm optimisationGSAgravitational search algorithmLEACHlow-energy adaptive clustering hierarchyE-MODLEACHenhanced-modified LEACHLDCleast distance clustering

作者：

Rohan Kumar Gupta、Arnab Nandi

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作者单位：

Department of ECE, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Cachar

出版年：

2025

DOI：

10.1504/IJAIP.2025.144975

International journal of advanced intelligence paradigms

ISSN：1755-0386

年,卷(期)：2025.30(1)