首页|Spatiotemporal interactions between jaguars (Panthera onca) and their potential prey in Amazonian islands

Spatiotemporal interactions between jaguars (Panthera onca) and their potential prey in Amazonian islands

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Although large carnivores usually prefer large prey, in some situations, they may shift their predation patterns towards smaller but abundant prey. The jaguar (Panthera onca) is a large carnivore capable of changing its diet according to prey and habitat availability. Here, we assessed the temporal and spatiotemporal interactions between jaguars and their prey in the Maraca-Jipioca Islands (Northeastern Amazon, Brazil) through camera traps. We assessed overlapping activity patterns and tested for spatiotemporal segregation/avoidance between jaguars and nine potential prey species. We used a time-to-encounter approach, which consists in calculating the minimum time between prey and jaguar's detections, and vice versa, for each record of preys' species at a specific camera trap station, which translates into aggregation or avoidance behaviors. We found that these insular jaguars are more active in daylight periods when most of their prey are active and in locations used by species that cannot become nocturnal to avoid predators due to morphology constraints. Four prey species (great egret, white-tailed deer, muscovy duck, and black-and-white tegu) presented moderate activity overlapping with jaguars. Agoutis and whitetailed deer seek to spatiotemporally segregate from jaguars, although jaguars did not show spatiotemporal aggregation with any of the evaluated prey. Understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics is essential to establish the islands' trophic network composition and structure. This is fundamental information to efficiently allocate efforts for reducing costs and maximizing benefits in managing this population aiming to protect and conserve it, and consequently, the related ecosystems.

opportunismPanthera oncaprey availabilityspatiotemporal segregationtime-toencounter

Herbert O. B. Duarte、Luis Miguel Rosalino、Jose Julio de Toledo、Renato Richard Hilario、William Douglas Carvalho

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Laboratorio de Ecologia e Biodiversidade do Territorio dos Lagos (LEBIOT), Universidade do Estado do Amapa (UEAP), Amapa, Brazil||Programa de Pos-graduacao em Biodiversidade Tropical (PPGBio), Universidade Federal do Amapa (UNIFAP), Macapa, Brazil||Laboratorio de Ecologia (LABECO), Departamento de Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal do Amapa (UNIFAP), Macapa,Brazil

Faculdade de Ciencias, CE3c—Center for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute,Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal

Programa de Pos-graduacao em Biodiversidade Tropical (PPGBio), Universidade Federal do Amapa (UNIFAP), Macapa, Brazil||Laboratorio de Ecologia (LABECO), Departamento de Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal do Amapa (UNIFAP), Macapa,Brazil

Programa de Pos-graduacao em Biodiversidade Tropical (PPGBio), Universidade Federal do Amapa (UNIFAP), Macapa, Brazil||Terrestrial Ecology Group (TEG-UAM), Departamento de Ecologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain||Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

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2025

10.1111/1440-1703.12522

Ecological research

Ecological research

ISSN：0912-3814
年,卷(期)：2025.40(2)
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