Abstract
Global fruit consumption has increased significantly over the years,resulting in the generation of a large amount of non-edible fruit parts,particularly fruit seeds,which are often discarded despite being rich in macronutrients like protein,carbohydrates,and lipids.Current research on utilizing these macro-nutrients is limited,highlighting the need to valorize fruit seeds.This review focuses on the macronutrients in various fruit seeds and their potential food applications.We also discuss the challenges and advocate for future research to enhance the utilization of macronutrients extracted from fruit seeds.Studies have shown that fruit seed ingredients can improve the physical,functional,and sensory characteristics of food products.While a wide range of fruit seeds is available,current research tends to focus on a few common sources,neglecting the potential of many other options.Future research should explore a broader spectrum of fruit seed biodiversity and identify applications for underutilized species.Additionally,research should examine how the nutritional and aroma profiles of foods with added fruit seed extracts evolve during processing and storage to ensure both nutritional value and consumer appeal.In summary,valorizing fruit seeds is essential for reducing waste,promoting sustainability,and supporting a circular bioeconomy.
NETL
NSTL
Taylor & Francis