首页|Does micro-sized pyrogenic carbon made in lab affect earthworm mortality in restrained water content?
Does micro-sized pyrogenic carbon made in lab affect earthworm mortality in restrained water content?
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NSTL
Elsevier
? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Micro-sized pyrogenic carbon (PyC) is expected to interact more efficiently with soil biota such as earthworms than coarse pyrogenic carbon. Little is known about whether the micro-sized PyC poses a threat to earthworms. We investigated the effects of hydrophilic micro-sized PyC on earthworm mortality in two contrasting soil substrates from young and old reclaimed soils of a successional chronosequence. These two soil substrates had different hydraulic properties, total organic carbon, pH, and nutrient status. Lower earthworm survival rates were observed in both soil substrates receiving dry micro-sized soil particles and the micro-sized PyC. Specifically, the addition of micro-sized PyC resulted in the lowest survival rate compared to the addition of micro-sized soil particles and the control from day 8 to 11. The decreased earthworm survival rate due to micro-sized PyC was more pronounced in the old soil substrate than in the young substrate. Fully moistened soil substrates containing micro-sized PyC or dry micro-sized soil substrate particles did not result in decreased earthworm survival. Micro-sized PyC turned from hydrophilic to hydrophobic when mixed with rhamnolipids, possibly hindering the uptake of dissolved oxygen by earthworm skins. Our results thus provide a new explanation for the negative effects of micro-sized PyC on earthworms and demonstrate the importance of assessing the hydraulic properties of both the micro-sized PyC and soil prior to PyC's application to soils.
Dissolved oxygenEarthwrom mucusHydrophobicityMicro-sized charRhamnolipidsSurvival of earthworms
Sun D.、Ardestani M.M.、Frouz J.、Pohorely M.、Mosko J.、Winding A.、Bonkowski M.、Zhao Y.
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Institute of Soil Biology and SoWa Research Infrastructure Biology Centre Czech Academy of Sciences
Department of Power Engineering Faculty of Environmental Technology University of Chemistry and Technology Prague
Department of Environmental Science Aarhus University
Terrestrial Ecology Institute of Zoology University of Cologne
College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Ludong University
NSTL
Elsevier
