首页|Integrated characterization of wormhole network by use of a modified pressure-gradient-based(PGB)sand failure criterion and ensemble-based history matching during CHOPS processes
Integrated characterization of wormhole network by use of a modified pressure-gradient-based(PGB)sand failure criterion and ensemble-based history matching during CHOPS processes
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In this paper,a damped iterative ensemble Kalman filter(IEnKF)technique has been developed and integrated with a recently modified pressure-gradient-based(PGB)sand failure criterion to implicitly and inversely characterize the dynamic wormhole network during cold heavy oil production with sand(CHOPS)processes.With an improved upscaling process,not only has a microscopic PGB sand failure criterion been properly upscaled to the grid-scale simulation,but also it can be dynamically,implicitly,and inversely determined.Then,such a sand failure model togetber with three-phase relative permeability is validated and applied to reproduce wormhole network in a laboratory experiment conditioned to its sand production profile.Good agreements between the observed and simulated cumulative production profiles including oil,gas,and sand have been achieved with satisfactory convergence by integrating the ensemble-based history matching method.The simulated wormhole network has shown its great similarity to the experimental observations,while the convergence of the ensemble-based history matching algorithm is greatly improved with a widespread of initial ensembles in each grid.Furthermore,deviations between the observed and updated production profiles can be significantly minimized by dividing the entire production period into three sequential stages,each of which has its distinct relative permeability curves due to the major effect(i.e.,foamy oil flow,sand failure,and slurry flow)on its multiphase flow behaviours,respectively.By integrating the ensemble-based sand failure model with the damped-IEnKF method,the dynamic wormhole network during a CHOPS process can be accurately characterized with satisfactory convergence,demonstrating its robustness and practicality of dynamically and inversely simulating the preferential wormhole network.Such an ensemble-based sand failure model can be seamlessly incorporated with any commercial reservoir simulators under various conditions.
Wormhole networkCold heavy oil production with sandPressure-gradient-based sand failure criterionEnsemble-based history matchingUpscaling
Shikai Yang、Daoyong Yang
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Petroleum Systems Engineering,Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science,University of Regina,Regina,S4S 0A2,Canada
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