首页|The effects of non-response and sampling omissions on estimates on various topics in federal surveys: Telephone and IVR surveys of address-based samples
The effects of non-response and sampling omissions on estimates on various topics in federal surveys: Telephone and IVR surveys of address-based samples
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If the estimates from a sample survey are to be indicative of the population, then each of the members of the population should have an equal chance of getting selected. Then when the sample is selected, the required information should be collected from a high percentage of the sample. The gold standard followed in the United States is to draw a probability sample of households and send interviewers to conduct surveys. This approach has been in practice since 1940, and is still continued in important surveys such as the current population survey, national crime victimization survey and national health interview survey. However, to reduce survey costs, telephone surveys have been used by random- digit dialing to replace household visits. In the 1980s and 1990s, this approach has been effective as in-person visits since most households had phones. In the last twenty years, landline phones have became archaic due to the extensive use of mobile phones, making telephone surveys ineffective. This leads to a need for researchers to look for alternate methods including online surveys, email surveys and surveys using phone to provide answers to an automated interviewer such as interactive voice recording (IVR). All of these approaches can be used in various combinations in mixed-mode surveys. This study examines the effects of non-response on two types of surveys: interviewers calling telephone numbers matching addresses or using an IVR. Telephone surveys may result in more refusals as it takes time to answer the whole survey and for IVR, respondents may not call the number provided. Earlier studies have shown that the effect of non-response of various surveys on estimates are inconsistent. In some cases, the estimates are found to be good compared to in-person surveys, while others are not. The primary objective of this study is to assess the effect of non-response using telephone and IVR for major government surveys.
Floyd J. Fowler、Philip Brenner、Anthony M. Roman、J. Lee Hargraves
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Center for Survey Research, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA 02125
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