首页|Corporate conduct, commodity and place: Ongoing mining and mineral exploration disputes in Finland and their implications for the social license to operate
Corporate conduct, commodity and place: Ongoing mining and mineral exploration disputes in Finland and their implications for the social license to operate
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NSTL
Elsevier
The Finnish mining and mineral exploration disputes (MMEDs) of the 2000s started with the uranium dispute (2006-2008), when the global mining industry rushed into Finland. The Finnish mining skeptical movement originated by focusing on projects associated with uranium. One of these projects, the Talvivaara polymetallic mine, became the key event of the following mining dispute because of its gypsy pond leakage in 2012. Many disputes have persisted for years, while others have ended, and new ones have appeared. Twenty ongoing disputes were identified in Finland. Fourteen of the cases are related to mineral exploration, four to mine projects, and two to mines. The long-term disputes are mostly focused on mines and mine projects in northern Finland, whereas the most recent disputes are mostly related to mineral exploration in southeastern Finland. The main reasons for disputes are the conflicting use of land (indigenous Sami homeland, lake regions with holiday homes, nature conservation, reindeer herding, and tourism), an association with uranium, poor corporate conduct (lack of communication and stakeholder engagement) and/or reputation. The identification, mapping and monitoring of MMEDs in Finland will support future studies regarding the analysis of their causes, dynamics, evolution, actors, and possible solutions. Their investigation can help to understand and avoid disputes, conciliate diverse interests, and solve disagreements.
DisputeLand useMiningMineral explorationSocial license to operateFinlandEUROPEAN-UNIONCONFLICTRESPONSIBILITYACCEPTANCELEGITIMACYPROJECTSJUSTICEPATHS
NSTL
Elsevier
