首页|Emerging stability of forest productivity by mixing two species buffers temperature destabilizing effect

Emerging stability of forest productivity by mixing two species buffers temperature destabilizing effect

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  • NSTL
  • Wiley
Abstract The increasing disturbances in monocultures around the world are testimony to their instability under global change. Many studies have claimed that temporal stability of productivity increases with species richness, although the ecological fundamentals have mainly been investigated through diversity experiments. To adequately manage forest ecosystems, it is necessary to have a comprehensive understanding of the effect of mixing species on the temporal stability of productivity and the way in which it is influenced by climate conditions across large geographical areas. Here, we used a unique dataset of 261 stands combining pure and two‐species mixtures of four relevant tree species over a wide range of climate conditions in Europe to examine the effect of species mixing on the level and temporal stability of productivity. Structural equation modelling was employed to further explore the direct and indirect influence of climate, overyielding, species asynchrony and additive effect (i.e. temporal stability expected from the species growth in monospecific stands) on temporal stability in mixed forests. We showed that by adding only one tree species to monocultures, the level (overyielding: +6%) and stability (temporal stability: +12%) of stand growth increased significantly. We identified the key effect of temperature on destabilizing stand growth, which may be mitigated by mixing species. We further confirmed asynchrony as the main driver of temporal stability in mixed stands, through both the additive effect and species interactions, which modify between‐species asynchrony in mixtures in comparison to monocultures. Synthesis and applications. This study highlights the emergent properties associated with mixing two species, which result in resource efficient and temporally stable production systems. We reveal the negative impact of mean temperature on temporal stability of forest productivity and how the stabilizing effect of mixing two species can counterbalance this impact. The overyielding and temporal stability of growth addressed in this paper are essential for ecosystem services closely linked with the level and rhythm of forest growth. Our results underline that mixing two species can be a realistic and effective nature‐based climate solution, which could contribute towards meeting EU climate target policies.

additive effectclimate effectforest ecosystems productivitymixed forestsoveryieldingspecies asynchronytemporal stability

Renzo Motta、Thomas Nord‐Larsen、Felipe Bravo、Arne Nothdurft、Jan Ouden、Maciej Pach、Marta Pardos、Charlotte Poeydebat、Quentin Ponette、Tomas Pérot、Ditlev Otto Juel Reventlow、Roman Sitko、Vit Sramek、Mathias Steckel、Miroslav Svoboda、Kris Verheyen、Sonja Vospernik、Barbara Wolff、Tzvetan Zlatanov、Andrés Bravo‐Oviedo、Miren Río、Hans Pretzsch、Ricardo Ruiz‐Peinado、Hervé Jactel、Lluís Coll、Magnus L?f、Jorge Aldea、Christian Ammer、Admir Avdagi?、Ignacio Barbeito、Kamil Bielak、Gediminas Brazaitis、Jakub Cerny、Catherine Collet、Sonia Condés、Lars Dr?ssler、Marek Fabrika、Michael Heym、Stig‐Olof Holm、Gro Hylen、Aris Jansons、Viktor Kurylyak、Fabio Lombardi、Bratislav Matovi?、Marek Metslaid

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University of Turin

IGN, University of Copenhagen

University of Valladolid

Institute of Forest Growth, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna

Wageningen University of Environmental Sciences

University of Agriculture in Krakow

Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR), INIA, CSIC

University of Bordeaux

UCLouvain, Earth & Life Institute

INRAE – UR EFNO ‐ Centre de Recherche Val de Loire

Technical University in Zvolen, Faculty of Forestry

Forestry and Game Management Research Institute

Forst Baden‐Württemberg (A?R)

Czech University of Life Sciences

Ghent University

Hochschule für Nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde (HNEE), FG Waldinventur und Planung

Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

Dpt. Biogeography and Global Change, MNCN – CSIC

Technical University of Munich

INRAE, University of Bordeaux, Biogeco

University of Lleida

Southern Swedish Forest Research

University of G?ttingen

University of Sarajevo

University of British Columbia

Warsaw University of Life Sciences

Department of Forest Science

Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva

Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

Ilia State, University

Ume? University

Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research

Latvian State Forest Research Institute Silava

Ukrainian National Forestry University

Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria

University of Novi Sad, Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment

Estonian University of Life Sciences

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2022

10.1111/1365-2664.14267

The Journal of Applied Ecology

The Journal of Applied Ecology

ISSN：0021-8901
年,卷(期)：2022.59(11)
  • 14
  • 52