Abstract
The evolutionary ultimatum game is a powerful paradigm to study the evolution of fairness. Most studies to date assume that a player adopts the same strategy against all his/her opponents. Apart from these works, there are also works exploring the evolution of fairness when various psychological and social factors influence strategies, but celebrity has never been considered. In this paper, we introduce the effect of celebrity, under which a player behaves more generous or stingier when faces different opponents. The celebrity of individuals in a social network is defined as their degree, and ordinary people have small degrees while celebrities have large degrees. The result shows that if ordinary people tend to be more generous to celebrities and celebrities are stingier to the ordinary, fairness will be enhanced first and gradually evolves to an over-fair level. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
NSTL
Elsevier