首页|Three candidate 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone-producing type III polyketide synthases from Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg have multifunctions synthesizing benzalacetones, quinolones and pyrones
Three candidate 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone-producing type III polyketide synthases from Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg have multifunctions synthesizing benzalacetones, quinolones and pyrones
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NSTL
Elsevier
? 2022 The Authors2-(2-Phenylethyl)chromones (PECs), with extensive pharmacological activities, have been found in only few plant species and are the characteristic components of agarwood which is an expensive fragrant and resinous wood. However, little is known about PEC biosynthesis pathway. Here, three type III polyketide synthases (PKSs), AsPKS3, AsPKS4, and AsPKS5, highly expressed in the agarwood layer were isolated from Aquilaria sinensis and characterized. The qRT–PCR results showed that the expression of them was strongly induced by salt, salicylic acid (SA), or methyl jasmonate (MeJA). In addition, their expression levels were consistent with PEC accumulation in calli under salt treatment. AsPKS proteins exhibited multiple activities in vitro, including catalyzing the synthesis of p-hydroxybenzalacetone, feruloylmethane, 4-hydroxy-N-methyl-2(1H)-quinolone, and 1-methyl-2-phenethylquinolin-4(1H)-one (which has a structure similar to those of PECs). Moreover, AsPKS4 or AsPKS5 could also catalyze the production of pyrones in vitro. The pH and temperature optima for the p-hydroxybenzalacetone or 4-hydroxy-N-methyl-2(1H)-quinolone production of AsPKSs were found to be different. Protein structure prediction showed that the three AsPKSs have large active site entrances allowing binding of bulky substrates such as N-methylanthraniloyl-CoA. Additionally, the three AsPKS proteins were localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus. This study not only facilitates the synthesis of structurally diverse benzalacetones, quinolones, and pyrones but also indicates prime enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of PECs for future studies.
2-(2-Phenylethyl)chromonesAquilaria sinensisBenzalacetonePyroneQuinoloneType III polyketide synthases
Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of
Institute of Sericulture Chengde Medical University
College of Agriculture Shanxi Agricultural University
Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine & Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Agarwood Sustainable Utilization Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant
NSTL
Elsevier
