Abstract
The present paper presents a brief discussion of selected promising approaches adopted to achieve high heat fluxes dissipation. The selected techniques include flow boiling in microchannels, spray cooling, use of nanofluids and surface modification. Whilst the two first approaches are established two-phase heat transfer techniques, the use of nanofluids and surface modification are comparatively new approaches used to enhance heat transfer. Achievements, challenges and new research directions in the selected techniques are covered to provide an overview and guideline for researchers and engineers working in this field.