首页|Ingenious Material Design of the Vulcanization of Isoprene Rubber: Electron-Transfer and Dispersion Effects
Ingenious Material Design of the Vulcanization of Isoprene Rubber: Electron-Transfer and Dispersion Effects
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NSTL
Amer Chemical Soc
This study reveals two keys in the ingenious material design of the vulcanization of rubber that has been technologically and scientifically developed and sophisticated since 1839. The first is an electron-transfer effect, and the second is a dispersion effect, both of which are attributed to isoprene rubber for the intermediates of dinuclear bridging bidentate zinc/stearate complexes. A simple interpretation of the electron transfer from pi-electron clouds in the isoprene rubber molecules to the intermediates is presented to clarify the activation mechanism of essential vulcanization via the intermediates. The intermediates are originally generated from the activators in the combination system of zinc oxide and stearic acid or in the zinc stearate alone system for the N-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)cyclohexanamine-accelerated vulcanization. By the two criteria based on chemical potential and energy gain due to the electron transfer, one-or two-electron transfer from the rubber molecules to several zinc/stearate complexes is reasonably explained. The phenomena result in the fast sulfur cross-linking reactions between the rubber molecules. The diene rubber also promotes the dispersion of zinc/stearate complexes into the rubber matrix, forming a highly homogeneous network structure. These two observations clearly suggest that the diene rubber molecules are not only reactants but also useful solvent molecules. The results of this study will start a paradigm shift in rubber science and technology for the construction of a sustainable low-carbon society.
NSTL
Amer Chemical Soc
