首页|Multi-layered antimicrobial synergism of (E)-caryophyllene with minor compounds, tecleanatalensine B and normelicopine, from the leaves of Vepris gossweileri (I. Verd.) Mziray
Multi-layered antimicrobial synergism of (E)-caryophyllene with minor compounds, tecleanatalensine B and normelicopine, from the leaves of Vepris gossweileri (I. Verd.) Mziray
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NSTL
Taylor & Francis
Abstract An aromatic alkaloid-rich ‘absolute’ extract from Vepris gossweileri inhibited Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 62.5?μg.mL?1 and Bacillus subtilis at 500?μg.mL?1 . A loss of activity upon fractionation indicated possible synergistic effects. Three new acridones, gossweicridone A (3), B (4) and C (5) and known compounds from the extract were inactive. Combinations of compounds showed that a sub-fraction containing mixtures of minor compounds with (Ε)-caryophyllene augmented activity by 50-folds, with MIC values of 19.6?μg.mL?1 for S. cerevisiae and 375.0?μg.mL?1 for B. subtilis, demonstrating potent ΣFIC values of 0.02 and 0.375 respectively. From the active sub-fraction, three compounds were assigned as tecleanatalensine B, 13S-hydroxy-9Z,11E,15E-octadecatrienoic acid and normelicopine. In combination with (Ε)-caryophyllene they separately demonstrated MIC values of 18?μg.mL?1, 34?μg.mL?1 and 16?μg.mL?1 , respectively against S. cerevisiae. The synergistic combinations were more potent with addition of pheophytin A, suggesting that the synergistic antifungal effect of the extract is multi-layered.
NSTL
Taylor & Francis
