Abstract
Species of the genus Scolothrips are re-assessed based on examination of type material together with many other specimens, and a key is provided to identify the 14 species recognised. The possibility is discussed that the three North American species,hoodi, pallidus and sexmaculatus are colour variants of a single species. Three apparently Old World species, dilongicornis, longicornis and takahashii, cannot be distinguished satisfactorily. Three new synonyms are established: quadrinotata is a synonym of asura; hartwigi is a synonym of brevipilis; priesneri is a synonym of takahashii. Two species from the Canary Islands are considered nomina dubia: quadrimaculatus and lanzarotensis. Two species are here recorded for the first time from Australia, latipennis and rhagebianus, and Australian records of sexmaculatus are considered to be based on misidentifications.