Abstract
A highly self-ordered arrangement of a nano-concave morphology was prepared on Al foil by an anodization treatment in 0.3 M oxalic acid or 0.3 M tartaric acid followed by the removal of the resulting anodic alumina film. The foil was then used as the anode of dual-ion batteries. The wettability of the Al surface increased with increasing degree of self-assembly, facilitating a uniform distribution of electrochemically active sites during alloying/dealloying process. The highly self-ordered surface of Al foil anodized in oxalic acid can improve the electrochemical performance significantly compared to the only electropolished Al foil anode and the relatively disorderly surface state of the anodized Al foil obtained in tartaric acid. A 93 mA h g?1 capacity and 98% capacity retention were obtained after 500 cycles at 100 mA g?1, as well as a high reversible capacity of 83 mA h g?1 at 500 mA g?1. Although the capacity of the self-ordered regulated Al foil anode was not the highest among the existing anode materials, its synthesis process was more straightforward and cost-effective.
NSTL
Elsevier