首页|LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4-δ (LNMO) as Co-free cathode for lithium ion batteries via solution-gel synthesis: Particle size and morphology investigation
LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4-δ (LNMO) as Co-free cathode for lithium ion batteries via solution-gel synthesis: Particle size and morphology investigation
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NSTL
Elsevier
LiNi0.5Mn1.5 O4-δ (LNMO) is a potential candidate for high voltage Co-free cathodes in lithium-ion batteries. In this study, pre-calcination temperature, time, and oven type are showcased as important parameters influencing the particle size and morphology of the LNMO powder synthesized from the aqueous citric acid-acetates-NH3 based method. These parameters determine the amount of organic residues in the precursor powder. A superior initial discharge capacity and capacity retention are obtained by an optimum combination of the particle size and morphology for the Li|LNMO coin cells. Pre-calcination in a forced convection oven at 200 °C for 40 h results in a voluminous and foam-like LNMO precursor powder morphology with the lowest amount of organic residue, leading to a ~ 1–4 μm powder with well-defined facets. Applying 24 h pre-calcination at 170 °C in a natural convection oven results in large LNMO aggregates of ~ 70 μm. Ball-milling of the crystalline LNMO powder is effective to reduce the agglomeration and particle size but deteriorates the electrochemical performance. An initial discharge capacity of 121 mA h g-1 at 0.2 C and a capacity retention of 90% after 400 cycles at 2 C are obtained from the samples prepared by 40 h pre-calcination at 200 °C in a forced-convection oven.
Chemical synthesisCrystal growthCrystal structureEnergy storage materialsOxide materialsSol-gel processes
Ulu Okudur F.、Mylavarapu S.K.、De Sloovere D.、Joos B.、Kaliyappan P.、Kelchtermans A.-S.、Van Bael M.K.、Hardy A.、Safari M.、D'Haen J.、Samyn P.
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Hasselt University Institute for Materials Research (IMO) and IMEC Division IMOMEC Design and Synthesis of Inorganic Materials
Hasselt University Institute for Materials Research (IMO) and IMEC Division IMOMEC
Hasselt University Institute for Materials Research (IMO) and IMEC Division IMOMEC Materials Physics
Hasselt University Institute for Materials Research (IMO) and IMEC Division IMOMEC Applied and Analytical Chemistry
NSTL
Elsevier
