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Developmental and Comparative Immunology
Pergamon Press
Developmental and Comparative Immunology

Pergamon Press

0145-305X

Developmental and Comparative Immunology/Journal Developmental and Comparative ImmunologySCIISTP
正式出版
收录年代

    Expression and functional characterization of the mannose receptor (MR) from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in response to bacterial infection

    Ye, JianminYin, XiaoxueBai, HaoMu, Liangliang...
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：Mannose receptor (MR) as a member of the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) plays an important role in the immune response. In mammals, the role of MR in the regulation of phagocytosis is clarified; however, its contribution to opsonize phagocytosis remains unclear in bony fish. In this study, the expression pattern of Nile tilapia mannose receptor gene (OnMR) was investigated and its regulation of the phagocytosis of monocytes/ macrophages to pathogenic bacteria was identified. The full-length of OnMR open reading frame is 4314 bp, encoding a peptide containing 1437 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence revealed that OnMR contained a cysteine-rich domain, a fibronectin type II domain, multiple C-type lectin-like domains, a transmembrane domain and a short cytoplasmic domain. Tissue distribution analysis showed the OnMR transcripts was widely distribute in the ten detected tissues, and highly expressed in head kidney, hind kidney, intestine and spleen. After S. agalactiae and A. hydrophila infection, the expression of OnMR in head kidney and spleen increased significantly. Moreover, the expression of OnMR in MO/Mo were also upregulated post the infection of bacteria and mannose solutions in vitro. This suggested that MR, as a mannose receptor on macrophage surface, could respond strongly to the stimulation of pathogenic bacteria. In addition, the (r)OnMR protein could effectively bind and agglutinate S. agalactiae and A. hydrophila, and regulate the phagocytic ability of monocytes/ macrophages to pathogenic bacteria. These results suggest that OnMR is involved in response against bacterial infection in Nile tilapia, and this study will help us better understand the function of MR in teleost fish.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Characterization of MDA5 and microRNA-203 negatively regulates the RLR signaling pathway via targeting MDA5 in miiuy croaker

    Chu, QingHan, JingjingSun, LingpingCui, Junxia...
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：MDA5 is a member of retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLR receptors), which may play a crucial role in the immune regulation process. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to act as an important regulator in the RLRs signaling pathway. Additionally, the MDA5 gene, as a significant cytosolic pathogen recognition receptor (PRR), its characteristics and functions have been extensively investigated, while less research has been done on the mechanisms of MDA5-miRNA mediated gene regulation. In this study, the evolution and functional characterization of MDA5 from miiuy croaker (mmiMDA5) were characterized. Comparative genomic analysis demonstrated that the ascidiacea and superclass do not have the MDA5 gene in the process of evolution. MDA5 contains four structural domains: CARD, ResIII, Helicase C, and RIG-I C-RD. The MDA5 was ubiquitously expressed in all tested miiuy croaker tissues. Moreover, the expressions were significantly up-regulated after stimulation with poly (I: C), which indicated that MDA5 might be involved in the antiviral immune response. The bioinformatics predicted programs have indicated that miR-203 has a direct negative regulatory effect on MDA5 in miiuy croaker. Furthermore, the dual-luciferase reporter assay have showed that miR-203 was the direct negative regulator of MDA5 in miiuy croaker. This study is the first to demonstrate that miRNA can suppress cytokines by regulating the RLR signaling pathway in teleost fish, providing some new ideas for studying miRNA-mediated regulation of immune responses in mammals.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activity of beta-defensin from the Chinese spiny frog (Quasipaa spinosa)

    Yu, Shui-ShengZhao, Zeng-HuiGong, Xiao-FeiFan, Xiao-Li...
    6页
    查看更多>>摘要：The 8-defensins are important components of the vertebrate innate immune system. While mammalian 8-defensins have wide-ranging antibacterial and immunomodulatory activities, those of amphibians remain largely uncharacterised. In this study, 8-defensin cDNA was identified from the skin transcriptome of the Chinese spiny frog Quasipaa spinosa. This 8-defensin (QS-BD) consists of a signal and a mature peptide. Sequence alignments with other amphibian 8-defensins showed conservation of the functional mature peptide and that its closest relative is 8-defensin from Zhangixalus puerensis. Synthetic QS-BD showed antibacterial activity against Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio harveyi, Streptococcus iniae, and Aeromonas hydrophila. QS-BD showed bactericidal activity by destroying the cell membrane integrity, but did not hydrolyse genomic DNA. QS-BD treatment promoted respiratory bursts and upregulated the expression of interleukin-18 and tumour necrosis factor-a in the murine leukemic monocyte/macrophage cell line RAW264.7. This is the first demonstration of immunomodulatory activity by an amphibian 8-defensin.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    The role of complement in the tick cellular immune defense against the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii

    Fiorotti, JessicaUrbanova, VeronikaGolo, Patricia SilvaElias Pinheiro Bittencourt, Vania Rita...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) have been widely explored for their potential in the biological control of insect pests and as an environmentally friendly alternative to acaricides for limiting tick infestation in the field. The arthropod cuticle is the main barrier against fungal infection, however, an understanding of internal defense mechanisms after EPF intrusion into the invertebrate hemocoel is still rather limited. Using an infection model of the European Lyme borreliosis vector Ixodes ricinus with the EPF Metarhizium robertsii, we demonstrated that ticks are capable of protecting themselves to a certain extent against mild fungal infections. However, tick mortality dramatically increases when the capability of tick hemocytes to phagocytose fungal conidia is impaired. Using RNAi-mediated silencing of tick thioester-containing proteins (TEPs), followed by in vitro and/or in vivo phagocytic assays, we found that C3-like complement components and alpha 2-macroglobulin pan-protease inhibitors secreted to the hemolymph play pivotal roles in M. robertsii phagocytosis.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Dietary administration of tyramine upregulates on immune resistance, carbohydrate metabolism, and biogenic amines in Macrobrachium rosenbergii

    Kuo, Hsin-WeiCheng, Winton
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Survival rates of prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, against Lactococcus garvieae, immune parameters, carbohydrate metabolism and biogenic amines were determined when the prawn were fed diets containing tyramine (TA) at the levels of 1 and 10 mg kg(-1). Results showed that prawn fed diets containing TA for 3 days, challenged with L. garvieae, and then continuously fed individually tested diets had a significantly higher survival rate than those fed the control diet at 168 h after the challenge, in a dose-dependent manner. Results included significant increases in total haemocyte count (THC), granular cells (GCs), semigranular cells (SGCs), phenoloxidase (PO) activity, respiratory bursts (RBs), RBs per haemocyte, phagocytic activity, and clearance efficiency to L. garvieae. Significantly lower plasma glucose and lactate were observed in prawn fed with TA-containing diets for 3 days, a result consistent with increases in the survival rate of the challenge test and the haemolymph octopamine (OA) level. Haemolymph dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), TA, and OA levels of prawn that were fed TA-supplemented diets increased significantly after 1 day, and OA level increased continuously until the third day with a dose-effect relationship. It is therefore concluded that TA can be absorbed from a TA-containing diet to elevate haemolymph TA level, inducing the release of DA, NE, and OA to maintain homeostasis. The higher, more extensive OA expression promoted carbohydrate metabolism and immune resistance in M. rosenbergii.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    The potential of antimicrobial peptides isolated from freshwater crayfish species in new drug development: A review

    Punginelli, DilettaSchillaci, DomenicoMauro, ManuelaDeidun, Alan...
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：The much-publicised increased resistance of pathogenic bacteria to conventional antibiotics has focused research effort on the characterization of new antimicrobial drugs. In this context, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) extracted from animals are considered a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics. In recent years, freshwater crayfish species have emerged as an important source of bioactive compounds. In fact, these invertebrates rely on an innate immune system based on cellular responses and on the production of important effectors in the haemolymph, such as AMPs, which are produced and stored in granules in haemocytes and released after stimulation. These effectors are active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In this review, we summarise the recent progress on AMPs isolated from the several species of freshwater crayfish and their prospects for future pharmaceutical applications to combat infectious agents.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Conservation of members of the free fatty acid receptor gene family in common carp

    Petit, JulesWiegertjes, Geert F.
    6页
    查看更多>>摘要：Accumulating evidence supports the crucial role intestinal microbiota and their metabolites play in the homeostasis of organisms. An important class of metabolites that have been shown to affect the immune system are short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These SCFAs can affect the host cells via passive diffusion or via ligation to receptors, among others G-protein coupled receptor (GPR) 41 and 43. GPR41 and GPR43 are both part of a family of GPR40-related receptors. Mammalian studies have shown an important role for GPR41 and GPR43 in the modulation of immune responses by SCFAs. However, up till date, no validated coding sequences for orthologues of these SCFA receptors have been published for teleost fish. We used genomic resources and cDNA cloning, to identify and validate ten coding sequences for gpr40L genes in common carp. Phylogenetic analysis showed a division into three subclasses, putatively named class a, b and c, and showed the common carp genes had a closer phylogenetic relationship to mammalian GPR43 than to mammalian GPR41. Synteny analysis revealed a clear conservation of syntenic relationships between gpr40L in the genomes of spotted gar and common carp with the relevant region in the human genome. This conservation of synteny validates the genes identified, as gpr40L. Finally, presence of gpr40L genes was investigated in silico for genomes of 25 different, mostly teleost, fish species largely confirming the observations for gpr40L of common carp with regards to both, subdivision in three subclasses a-c and conservation of synteny. Our data provide an important first step towards an understanding of the role and function of receptors for SCFAs and immunomodulation in fish.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Interleukin enhancer binding factor 2 (IEBF 2) was involved in the regulation of the antibacterial immune reactions in fresh water crayfish, Procambarus clarkii

    Yang, BingbingLin, SihanLi, BoWei, Zhe...
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：Although interleukin and interleukin analogues which play important immunomodulatory roles in mammals have not yet been reported in invertebrates, interleukin enhancer binding factor (IEBF) which acts as a transcription factor has been recently studied in several crustaceans and it may be involved in innate immune defence against pathogens. In this study, an IEBF 2 homologue was identified in the fresh water crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. The significantly changed expression levels of Pc-iebf 2 after bacterial challenge revealed the possibility of its participation in defence against bacterial infection. The results of an RNAi assay showed that the crayfish survival rate was obviously decreased after dsIEBF 2 injection, compared with the control groups. And S. aureus proliferation was obviously enhanced at 24 and 48 h post bacterial injection, when Pc-iebf 2 was knocked down. The possible molecular mechanisms for the innate immune regulation functions of Pc-IEBF 2 were also investigated. We speculated that Pc-IEBF 2 plays an important role in defending against bacterial infection in crayfish. It could regulate some innate immune responses by affecting the Toll signalling pathway, melanisation, and cell apoptosis.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    An L-rhamnose-binding lectin from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) possesses agglutination activity and regulates inflammation, phagocytosis and respiratory burst of monocytes/macrophages

    Mu, LiangliangYin, XiaoxueQi, WeiweiLi, Jiadong...
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：Rhamnose-binding lectins (RBLs), a Ca2+-independent lectin family, are widely present in vertebrates and invertebrates, which involve in the innate immune response. However, the functional characterization and related regulation mechanisms of RBLs remain unclear in teleost fish. In this study, an L-rhamnose-binding lectin-like (OnRBL-L) was identified and functionally characterized from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The open reading frame of OnRBL-L is 678 bp encoding 225 aa. The sequence of OnRBL-L has relatively conservative characteristic peptide motifs, including YGR, DPC, and KYL-motif. Expression analysis showed that OnRBL-L was abundantly distributed in intestine tissue, and widely existed in all detected tissues. Meanwhile, the expression of OnRBL-L increased significantly in vivo (liver, spleen, head kidney, intestine, gills and peripheral blood) and in vitro (monocytes/macrophages) following challenges with two important tilapia pathogenic bacteria Streptococcus agalactiae and Aeromonas hydrophila. In addition, the recombinant OnRBL-L was found to bind and agglutinate S. agalactiae and A. hydrophila. Furthermore, OnRBL-L could participate in non-specific cellular immune defense, including reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha), and enhancement of the phagocytosis and respiratory burst of MO/M Phi. Overall, our results provide new insights into the understanding of RBL as an important pattern recognition molecule and regulator in non-specific cell immunity in an early vertebrate.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Identification of four Spa spacing diaeresis tzle genes (MnSpz1, MnSpz2, MnSpz2-isoform, and MnSpz3) and their roles in the innate immunity of Macrobrachium nipponense

    Huang, YingLiu, BeixiangWang, HongyuJiang, Zuosheng...
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：Spatzle, an extracellular ligand of the Toll receptor, is involved in the innate immunity of crustaceans. In this study, four Spa spacing diaeresis tzle genes were cloned from Macrobrachium nipponense and designed as MnSpz1, MnSpz2, MnSpz2isoform, and MnSpz3. The coding region of the four Spa spacing diaeresis tzle genes all contained one intron and two exons, and they were predicted to be produced by gene duplication based on sequence similarities and phylogenetic tree. The predicted MnSpz1, MnSpz2, and MnSpz3 proteins all contained a signal peptide and a Spa spacing diaeresis tzle domain. No signal peptide but a Spa spacing diaeresis tzle domain existed in MnSpz2-isoform because of frameshift mutation caused by 50 bp nucleotide deletion compared with MnSpz2. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis showed that MnSpz1, MnSpz2, and MnSpz3 were expressed in all the detected tissues of M. nipponense, and MnSpz2 was found to be the major isoform in the heart, gills, stomach, and intestine. After stimulation by Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus, or White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), the expression levels of MnSpz1, MnSpz2, and MnSpz3 changed. Given the high similarities among MnSpz1-3, RNA interference (RNAi) using dsRNA of MnSpz1 inhibited the expression of the three Spa spacing diaeresis tzle genes (MnSpz1, MnSpz2 and MnSpz3). Silencing of MnSpz1-3 down-regulated the expression levels of nine antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes in M. nipponense. After Knockdown of MnSpzs, the number of V. parahaemolyticus, S. aureus and WSSV copies in M. nipponense increased significantly in vivo. Our results suggest that Spa spacing diaeresis tzles are involved in the innate immunity of M. nipponense. The expansion of MnSpz genes through gene duplication is beneficial to enhance the innate immune defense ability of M. nipponense.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier