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Industrial Crops and Products
Elsevier Science Publishers
Industrial Crops and Products

Elsevier Science Publishers

0926-6690

Industrial Crops and Products/Journal Industrial Crops and ProductsSCIISTPEI
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    Pyrolysis behaviors during banyan root development

    Yang, SenZhao, JiaqiHu, ZhuangLi, Kai...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：The various tissues at different growth stages of banyan, including aerial root (AR), prop root (PR), banyan root (BR) and banyan branch (BB), were subjected to pyrolysis via TGA, Py-GC/MS and fixed bed pyrolysis experiments. Their pyrolysis behaviors and kinetics were investigated comprehensively, and their application potentials for bio-oil and bio-gas fuels were also studied. With the growth of tissues from AR to PR, the lignin and cellulose contents increased from 43.09 wt% and 24.92-33.26 wt% and 40.77 wt%, respectively, while the hemicellulose content decreased first and then increased. The AR and BR exhibited lower thermal stability because of higher extractive contents. The activation energy of all the samples but BB were decreased first and then increased with the increasing of conversion rates, while that of BB monotonically decreased. Phenols were the dominant products for the four tissues. As the tissues grew from AR to PR, the contents of linear acids and phenols in bio-oil decreased from 15.67% and 25.99-13.70% and 17.94%, respectively and that of linear carbonyls, linear ketones and furans increased from 8.13%, 11.63% and 8.43-14.83%, 13.40% and 11.15%, respectively. For the fixed bed pyrolysis experiments, increasing the temperature was beneficial to promote the formation of bio-gas. BB possessed the highest bio-tar yield at 500 degrees C and the highest bio-gas yield at 750 degrees C.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Assessing Artemisia arborescens essential oil compositions, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects gathered from two geographic locations in Palestine

    Jaradat, NidalQneibi, MohammadHawash, MohammedAl-Maharik, Nawaf...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Artemisia arborescens essential oil (EO), collected from two Palestinian regions, Bethlehem and Jenin, were extracted by hydro-distillation and examined for their chemical compositions, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme inhibitory effects, and their influence on neuronal (AMPA) receptors. The EO sample from Bethlehem A. arborescens had just 13 molecules, which accounted 100% of the total EO. Meanwhile, 18 molecules that accounted for 100% of the total EO were determined in the Jenin A. arborescens sample. beta-thujone (89.64%), camphor (5.34%), and beta-pinene (2.01%) were the major molecules in the Bethlehem EO sample, while beta-thujone (79.16%), camphor (6.58%), and sabinene (3.44%) were the dominating components in the Jenin EO sample. Moreover, both EOs have antimicrobial effects against all of the examined microorganisms. The EO from Jenin has slightly higher cytotoxic potential against cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) cancer cells than the EO from Bethlehem, which has IC50 of 0.326 and 0.467 mg/mL, respectively. The COX inhibitory IC50 calculations showed that A. arborescens EO from Jenin has high potency against COX-1 (1.8 mu g/mL). At the same time, the EO from Bethlehem was slightly more potent against COX-2 (IC50 = 81.7 mu g/mL). Both EOs show significant impacts on the different AMPAR types, yet Jenin EO shows more significant inhibition on amplitude, desensitization, and deactivation mechanisms generated by the receptors. Both EOs may be effective in reducing overexcitation of AMPARs and reducing the effects of ischemia. These results support the possible therapeutic application of A. arborescens EO from both regions to prevent and treat certain pathogenic infections, cancers, inflammations, and neurodegenerative diseases.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    The inhibitory effects of selenium nanoparticles modified by fructose-enriched polysaccharide from Codonopsis pilosula on HepG2 cells

    Jiao, Jian-shuangYu, Sha-shaJi, Hai-yuLiu, An-jun...
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：Ethanol volume fraction of 80% was widely applied for polysaccharides precipitation from Codonopsis pilosula water-leach liquor, while few researches focused on the dissolved components in 80% alcohol solution. Selenium nanoparticles presented strong biological activities with low toxicity, but the poor stability limited the practical applications. This study isolated a C. pilosula polysaccharide from the supernate after 80% ethanol precipitation, which was used as surface decorator for nano-composites preparation, and then the structural performance, storage stability and inhibitory mechanism on HepG2 cells were investigated. Results showed that the C. pilosula polysaccharide was mainly composed of fructose and glucose (molar ratio of 2.68:1.00) with average molecular weight of 3.21 x 10(3) Da. Additionally, the nano-composites were successfully prepared under Na2SeO3 to polysaccharide (2.0 mg/mL) ratio (w:w) of 1:20, and exhibited homogeneous distribution with an average particle size of similar to 75 nm and superior stability at 4 degrees C for at least 35 days. Besides, the nano-composites effectively inhibited HepG2 cells proliferation dose-dependently, and induced the mitochondrial dysfunction via improving Bax expressions and descending Bcl-2 expressions, resulting in the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c to cytoplasm and the activation of caspase-9 / -3, thereby promoting cells apoptosis. These results would effectively improve utilization rate of C. pilosula and provide theoretical foundation for clinical applications of the composite in hepatoma-bearing patients.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Flame retardancy of flax fibers by pre-irradiation grafting of a phosphonate monomer

    Taibi, JamilaRouif, SophieClement, Jean-LouisAmeduri, Bruno...
    14页
    查看更多>>摘要：The functionalization of natural fibers using a phosphorus-containing monomer to improve flame retardancy is presented. Flax fabrics were modified using a pre-irradiation grafting method requiring electron beam radiation treatment. A phosphorus-based dimethyl(methacryloxy)methyl phosphonate (MAPC1) was used as a flame retardant (FR) grafting agent. The grafting process consists of three main steps. First, flax fibers were irradiated at a dose ranging between 5 and 100 kGy and stored cold to preserve the radicals created over the long period before being immersed into an aqueous solution containing MAPC1 monomer. Finally, a washing step of the treated fibers was carried out to remove the unreacted monomer units as well as the free oligomers and polymers chains which were not covalently bonded to the flax structure. The presence of radicals on the flax fibers after irradiation was confirmed using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Grafting efficiency was evidenced by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and quantified using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The location of the grafted phosphorus polymer chains in the fiber structure was assessed using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDX). The impact of grafting MAPC1 onto flax fibers on the thermal properties and fire behavior was evaluated. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry (PCFC) and a preliminary fire test were used for this assessment. Different parameters such as radiation dose, monomer concentration, temperature and reaction duration which might impact grafting efficiency were monitored. In particular, it was observed that MAPC1 was grafted in a homogeneous way into the bulk of the elementary flax fibers leading to high phosphorus content of around 2 wt% for a dose of 10 kGy and up to 7 wt% for a dose of 100 kGy.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Ultrafast fractionation of wild-type and CSE down-regulated poplars by microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvents (DES) for cellulose bioconversion enhancement and lignin nanoparticles fabrication

    Xu, Ling-HuaMa, Cheng-YeLiu, JingPeng, Xiao-Peng...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Genetic engineering is considered a promising approach to decrease "biomass recalcitrance" and enhance the lignin valorization. Caffeoyl Shikimate Esterase (CSE) was recently indicated to play an important role in lignin biosynthesis. However, the effect of this enzyme on poplar lignin structure and subsequent treatment has not been systematically analyzed. In this study, ultrafast microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvents (DES) pretreatment was effectively performed to deconstruct the main components in wild-type (WT) and CSE down-regulated poplar. After pretreatment with two kinds of DES (ethylene glycol-based and glycerol-based DES), the saccharification efficiency of CSE down-regulated poplar was significantly improved, reaching 96.15%. In addition, the yield of DES lignin increased to 62.66% and 72.89% after Ethylene Glycol and Glycerol-based DES pretreatment in CSE poplar woods as compared to WT poplar wood (48.06% and 60.47%). Moreover, structural and morphological variations of lignin after CSE down-regulation and DES pretreatments have been systematically studied by 2D-HSQC, P-31 NMR, GPC, SEM, and TEM techniques. Results showed that native lignin from WT and CSE down-regulated poplars had similar structural features excepted for high content of H-type and p-hydroxybenzoate (PB) units in the CSE down-regulated poplar lignin. Furthermore, quantification of different linkages (beta-O-4, beta-beta, beta-5, etc.) in native lignin and DES lignin fractions suggested the ultrafast DES fractionation resulted in the significant cleavage of these linkages under glycerol-based DES pretreatment. Meanwhile, the DES lignin from glycerol-based DES pretreatment was found to be small and homogeneous lignin nanoparticles (LNPs). In short, the glycerol-based DES pretreatment is an environmentally benign scheme to produce easily digestible biomass and the LNPs with narrow size distribution. These findings are very important in assessing the fabricability of CSE poplar in the current biorefinery scenario.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Turning industrial waste-flax noil into regenerated cellulose fiber electrodes for eco-friendly supercapacitors

    Zhang, QianWang, RuoyaoZou, YuhangMao, Jifu...
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：Sustainable conversion of wastes into eco-friendly wearable energy storage materials is of uppermost priority when facing the rapid development of human society. Although some attempts have successfully developed wastes into activated carbon electrodes, the high energy consumption of the production process and the powder form greatly restrict their application in eco-friendly wearable supercapacitors. Here, industrial waste-flax noil was conversed into fiber-shaped supercapacitors (FSSCs) via wet spinning and in situ deposition of polypyrrole (PPy). The regenerated cellulose fibers (RCFs) collected from the ethyl alcohol coagulation bath possessed excellent tensile behaviors and multi-groove surfaces, encouraging the subsequent textile processing and ions activities. After PPy deposition, the obtained fiber electrodes yielded high specific capacitance (510.7 F g-1 at 0.5 A g-1) and excellent coulombic efficiency (99.3% at 10 A g-1). More importantly, the assembled FSSCs delivered remarkable electrochemical performances and could power the LED. The green strategy proposed in this work provides a new consideration for converting wastes into practical eco-friendly wearable devices.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Biotic stress caused by Tetranychus urticae mites elevates the quantity of secondary metabolites, cannabinoids and terpenes, in Cannabis sativa L.

    Kostanda, ElizabethKhatib, Soliman
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Secondary metabolites are known to play a role in the plant's defense system, which can be triggered by biotic or abiotic stress. Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) plants and mainly their female flowers, have a variety of bioactive metabolites, predominantly cannabinoids and terpenes, which are synthesized and secreted by the trichomes. Many studies have examined their chemistry and bioactive effects; however, there is insufficient information on the effect of biotic stress on the presence of secondary metabolites in cannabis. The present study examined the effect of a well-known cannabis pest, Tetranychus urticae, on the occurrence and concentration of cannabinoids and terpenes in cannabis leaves and flowers. Six cannabis plants were infested with T. urticae mites (treatment group), and six plants were used as the control group. Cannabinoids and terpenes were analyzed and quantified by liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer and gas chromatograph mass spectrometer, respectively. The contents of several cannabinoids and terpenes increased significantly in the leaves of the treatment group of plants in their late vegetative phase as the mite population increased, compared with the control group. Significantly increased content of almost all terpenes, and the cannabinoids; Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabichromene, and cannabigerol, was also seen in mature flowers of the treatment group plants, compared with the control group. Thus, cannabis plant infestation has an impact on its secondary metabolites, cannabinoids and terpenes, reflected by an overall increase in these compounds.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Combined analysis of mRNA and miRNA transcriptomes reveals the regulatory mechanism of PVY resistance in tobacco

    Deng, BinHuang, PengZhu, ShuijinChen, Jinhong...
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：Potyvirus (viruses in the genus Potyvirus, family Potyviridae, PVY) is one of the most important pathogens in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and other main crops, which cause devastating epidemic and significant production losses of crops worldwide. K326 is an important tobacco cultivar worldwide, but it is seriously plagued by PVY. In this study, an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutant M867 from K326 was developed, which was highly resistant to PVY. To explore the molecular mechanism of M867 resistance to PVY, RNA-seq and small RNA-seq were applied to analyze the differences between K326 and M867 responds to PVY infection. There are a total of 34 differentially expressed miRNAs and 5083 mRNAs were identified between K326 and M867 following PVY infection. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed PVY response process was significantly related with photosynthesis, carbon metabolism, and antioxidant activity. Thereafter, the results of hormone determination showed that the IAA level of K326 was almost zero after PVY infection, but M867 maintained a high IAA content. Simultaneously, the contents of JA and SA in M867 showed a substantial increase. M867 auxin-related genes (e. g., AUX1, IAA4, and ARF9) were significantly down-regulated after PVY infection compared to K326, but genes related to various hormones, such as CTK, GA, ABA, JA, and SA, showed significant up-regulation. Redox-related peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase were significantly up-regulated by PVY infection. Besides, six pairs of significant mRNA-miRNA interactions were found, and these genes may be closely related to PVY-host interactions. Furthermore, our findings revealed that the differences between M867 and K326 in hormones, redox reactions, and energy metabolism changed the molecular pathway of the PVY-host interaction, which led to PVY resistance in M867. These results provide valuable resources for elucidating the molecular mechanism of the tobacco-PVY interaction.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Chemical composition, anticancer activities and related mechanisms of the essential oil from Alpinia coriandriodora rhizome

    Hong, YiLiu, XiongliWang, HuijuanZhang, Min...
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：Alpinia coriandriodora is widely cultivated as a medicinal and edible Zingiberaceae plant in Guangxi, China. Since essential oils from Zingiberaceae plants can be used as a potential source of anticancer drugs, this study was designed to identify the chemical composition of A. coriandriodora rhizome essential oil (EO) and firstly elucidate its anticancer activities and related mechanisms. The GC-FID/MS results indicated that the most predominant component of EO was (E)-2-decenal (56.3%). Based on the MTT results, EO exhibited comparable cytotoxicity to A549 cells and lower cytotoxicity to non-cancerous cells compared with the positive control (elemene injection). For related mechanism studies, EO inhibited the A549 cells proliferation, resulting from inducing cell cycle arrest at G1 phase via downregulation of cyclin E2-CDK2 and cyclin D3-CDK4/CDK6 complexes and upregulation of p21. Meanwhile, it induced the apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway with the successive enhancement in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, Delta psi m decline, cyt c release, activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and PARP cleavage. Moreover, it inhibited the migration and invasion ability of A549 cells via downregulation of MMP-2 and Ncadherin, as well as upregulation of E-cadherin. Hence, EO has outstanding anticancer properties in vitro, and this fact encourages further studies using in vivo models.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Role of plant biotechnology in enhancement of alkaloid production from cell culture system of Catharanthus roseus: A medicinal plant with potent anti-tumor properties

    Acharjee, SantoshiKumar, RaghawendraKumar, Nitish
    16页
    查看更多>>摘要：Catharanthus roseus is one of the most valuable plants due to its medicinal value. This has made C. roseus so important for the pharmaceutical industry. However, the low productivity and high demand of the plant led to deviation from conventional mode to unconventional using biotechnological tools. This review article discusses the in vitro techniques of genetic improvement of C. roseus and techniques adopted to analyse the biochemical factors associated with the biosynthesis pathway. In vitro culture of C. roseus enhanced the rate of production and multiplication as compared to conventional breeding techniques. Different methods of in vitro culture were investigated to obtain the best results by using different plant growth regulators (PGRs). The stress has been used as an efficient tool to enhance the alkaloid content. Stress-induced culture showed several fold increases in the pharmacologically important alkaloid production. Several biotic and abiotic factors have been used for stress induction in the culture. Genetic manipulation of the biosynthesis pathways by overexpressing vital genes involved in the biosynthesis of alkaloids. Omics tools immensely supported the study of C. roseus and increased our understanding of its genome structure, genes involved and candidate proteins involved in alkaloid production.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier