查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Application of bio-dyes, especially plant-based, is becoming increasingly popular in many industries such as textiles, food and pharmaceuticals. This trend could be explained by the ecological and durable nature of these compounds. The current paper aimed to investigate the microwave-assisted isolation of Alkannin dye from Alkanna tinctoria followed by the dyeing of bio-mordanted silk. For the purpose, acid solubilized, water solubilized, and acid-methanol solubilized extracts were obtained. Both respective extracts and silk fabrics were microwave irradiated for 2, 4 and 6 min. To ensure a green and clean dyeing process, bio-mordants were used. It is observed that acid solubilized extract applied at 55 °C for 55 min having 7 g/100 mL of NaCl salt as the exhausting agent has given extraordinary higher color strength (K/S) onto Microwave treatment (MW) treated silk fabric. Colorfastness tests using ISO-recommended requirements found that bio-mordants outperformed chemical mordants in terms of color depth and fastness. According to this study, it was proven that MW improved the dyeing performance of Alkannin in an acid-solubilized medium, where as in addition to the application of bio-mordants in comparison with sustainable chemical mordants have improved color characteristics of silk fabric dyed with Alkanna tinctoria extract.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.The probiotic of Bacillus subtilis (B.subtilis) is widely used in animal husbandry as a promising alternative to antibiotics, and a high value-added bioproduct from abundant and low-cost agricultural straws. For efficient fermentation of xylose-rich corncob slurry to B. subtilis cells, the step-by-step fermentation process (SSFP) and one-step fermentation process (OSFP) were proposed and compared by the combined technology of sulfuric acid pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis with cellulase. Xylose and glucose were fermented separately and sequentially in the SSFP route, while they were co-fermented in OSFP route. Here, B. subtilis performed an efficient bioconversion and almost fermented simultaneously glucose, xylose and arabinose in corncob slurry. We could obtain 326.8 g of B. subtilis in SSFP and 323.7 g probiotic cells in OSFP from 1000 g of corncob, respectively. In general, the OSFP route was preferable by virtue of a straightforward process and simple operation.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022In view of the concept of circular economy and the zero waste approach agricultural residues can be viewed as sustainable and viable biomass resources for nanocellulose production. Therefore, this paper presents a method of obtaining cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) from non-invasive and fast-growing grass genera, Miscanthus (M. sacchariflorus and M. sinensis) and Sorghum (S. saccharatum and S. bicolor). The cellulose isolated from this biomass was solvolyzed with ionic liquids: 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride – AmimCl and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate – EmimOAc. Nanometric size of obtained material (average diameter ranged from 27 to 54 nm) was confirmed by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated the transformation of solvolyzed material from cellulose I into cellulose II, which was especially visible for the material treated with EmimOAc. The crystallinity index (Xc) of all cellulose nanocrystals (0–26%) was lower than that for initial cellulose (29–41%). The properties of CNC obtained from Miscanthus and Sorghum biomass depend on the type of ionic liquid used in the solvolysis process and the type and species of the plant from which initial cellulose was isolated. The obtained results suggest that cellulose isolated from plant sources, such as Miscanthus and Sorghum biomass can be used as a material for the production of CNC by ILs solvolysis.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.The increase in environmental problems and the necessity of substituting fossil fuels in the production of materials is increasing the demand for a new type of raw materials and formulation methods. This study used a cellulose-rich solid (CRS) from a biorefinery process to formulate gel-type materials, ionogels, and hydrogels. A phosphate anion ionic liquid, [Emim][DEP], was used to dissolve the CRS and formulate the ionogels. Hydrogels were formulated by submerging the ionogels in water until the ionic liquid was completely removed. Commercial microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel) was used as a reference. Comparing Avicel and CRS gels, it was discovered that the CRS gives higher rheological properties to the materials. In both cases, due to the utilization of a phosphate anion ionic liquid, cellulose phosphorylation gave these materials important properties such as higher bioactivity, flame retardant, or better absorption capacities. On the other hand, the rheological properties for CRS ionogels and hydrogels are double that of Avicel, with values ranging between 103 and 104 Pa, mainly due to the presence of lignin acting as a reinforcement. It was also observed by SEM that this lignin does not affect the internal structure and morphology of the gels. This work successfully demonstrated that a new raw material, a cellulose-rich solid from biorefinery, could be a good substitute for commercial cellulose in the formulation of ionogels and hydrogels for their use in biomedical and energy fields.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle is a tropical seagrass species that contains large amounts of cellulose and hemicellulose. During monsoons, leaves of this species wash up along beaches, accumulate and decompose anoxically, causing unpleasant odors. This leaf waste could be exploited by extracting the cellulose fibers. Prepared leaf waste was alkaline-treated and bleached. At each stage of treatment, the properties of the fiber were characterized by color spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The diameter of the untreated fiber was 66.67 μm. After alkaline treatment, the diameter was 8.30 μm. Bleaching with hydrogen peroxide decomposed the alkaline-treated fiber into individual microfibrils with a diameter of 6.67 μm. The bleached microfibrils had a high whiteness value of L*= 92.47, and high degrees of thermal stability (Tmax 363 °C) and crystallinity (59%). The properties of the bleached microfibrils were appropriate for the reinforcement of a polymer composite. Therefore, using compression molding, we produced a biodegradable seeding pot prototype from a thermoplastic starch (TPS) reinforced with 5 wt% of bleached fiber from E. acoroides (L.f.) Royle.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022Extraction and solubilization of hemicellulose based on green solvents has become a technological hotspot affecting the efficient utilization of hemicellulose. In this paper, the solubilization effect of three ionic liquids and three choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents for xylan was studied using molecular dynamics method. The solubility of xylan could reach 15 wt% in all six solvents and glucuronic acid xylan was the most soluble. Based on DFT calculations and molecular dynamics simulations, it was concluded that the solubilization mechanisms of the two green solvents were similar and were based on the strong hydrogen bond between the anion and the hydroxyl group on the xylan model. The ionic liquids with [CH3COO]- and choline chloride/urea (1:2) showed excellent solubilization results. The results showed that the hydrogen bonding network and strength increased with the increase of urea content. Meanwhile the addition of water formed a new choline chloride/urea (1:2)-water hydrogen bonding network, which enhanced the interaction of xylan with choline chloride/urea (1:2) and promoted dissolution.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Because of the increasingly environmental and health concerns over conventional polyurethanes that manifested by toxic isocyanates and unsustainable fossil-based polyols, there is a great interest in non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) production from renewable biomass resources. Herein, under the concept of biorefinery, the sweet potato residue (SPR) from starch industry, rich in non-biological toxicity starch, holocellulose and vegetable protein, was considered as the raw material for the NIPUs. During the process, the crude SPR was first liquified into chain-extending homogeneous molecules that were enriched in active hydroxyl-groups, followed by undergoing epoxidation and carbonation. Then, the obtained cyclic carbonate precursor was crosslinked with amines for the final NIPUs. The as-prepared SPR-derived NIPUs exhibited attractive mechanical and thermodynamic properties. To test the applicability, the food preservation performances of the SPR-derived NIPUs was further investigated. After spray coating the NIPUs on the banana peel, the dark brown spots in the testing group were significantly reduced after half-month storage. Therefore, the SPR-derived NIPUs provides a foundation for the futural food packaging alternatives.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser (Rubiaceae) is a fast-growing and economically important tree in Asia, which has a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. Using the UPLC-MS fingerprints of the barks of N. cadamba that sampled from 12 different provenance (10 trees per provenance) in a provenance trail, the difference in the components of these samples was visualized. Analyzing the spectrum data and the cytotoxic activity, the relationships of chemical composition and in vitro anti-tumor activity had been established. It was noted that 3α-dihydrocadambine (3a-Dhc), one of the characteristic components in N. cadamba, could bind to the active pocket of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), and then inhibit its efflux activity, leading to reverse the adriamycin (ADR) resistance in MCF7/ADR cells with no toxicity. Taken together, our data pointed out that N. cadamba in different families had high but different contents of cadambine alkaloids, and the UPLC-MS fingerprint could be a powerful tool for guiding the variety breeding, and Sample 12, the provenance from Mengla County, may be a valued source for the best prospect of anti-tumor application. More importantly, 3a-Dhc could be a potential lead for developing a P-gp inhibitor with high potency and low toxicity.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Harvesting energy from water flow using fiber-shaped fluidic nanogenerators (FFNGs) based on liquid-solid contact electrification has practical significance. Challenges remain in the fabrication of conformal FFNGs with favorable durability and a large strain range. Herein, a robust, flexible, and stretchable FFNG is fabricated using carbonized lignin and thermoplastic polyurethane via wet-spun approach. A maximum output direct current voltage of 420 mV is generated when the saline solution flows over a 6-cm-long FFNG. The output voltage of the FFNG shows excellent stability and repeatability in multiple cyclic tensile tests. Furthermore, the excellent mechanical properties and high stretchability of FFNG enable it to be woven into fabric, proving its tremendous potential for use in conformal electronics. The robust FFNG can also act as a self-powered wave sensor, which provides basic information on the wave conditions.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.The present work aims to propose a 1H NMR-based method for a rapid determination of conversion, yield, and selectivity in the epoxidation of organic substrates. Several experiments were carried out on different substrates and analyzed with both the proposed 1H NMR method and the volumetric traditional ones for a useful comparison. The results obtained with the traditional methods were deeply studied to find a mathematical correlation between the absolute analytical error and the double bond or oxirane ring concentration. The same was done for the conversion and yield derived from the analytical determinations. Finally, the results obtained with the proposed 1H NMR-based method on the epoxidation of methyl-oleate, as a model molecule, were compared with the results obtained by the traditional methods. A good agreement was obtained between the two classes of methods validating the proposed 1H NMR method.
NSTL
Elsevier