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Journal of Plant Physiology
Gustav Fischer
Journal of Plant Physiology

Gustav Fischer

0176-1617

Journal of Plant Physiology/Journal Journal of Plant PhysiologySCIISTP
正式出版
收录年代

    Creating and maintaining a high-confidence microRNA repository for crop research: A brief review and re-examination of the current crop microRNA registries

    Meng, YijunMa, XiaoxiaLi, JieShao, Chaogang...
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：miRBase was established as an authoritative microRNA (miRNA) database with a uniform nomenclature system and a searchable web interface. Recent popularization of the next-generation sequencing technology in small RNA cloning led to an explosive growth of the miRNA repository. Although a specific definition system has been proposed for the plant miRNAs, the quality of the plant miRNA registries deposited in miRBase is largely dependent on the submitters. With the growing concerns over the annotation quality, a set of criteria for identification of the high-confidence (HC) miRNAs was recently developed by miRBase. Since miRNAs could serve as a powerful tool for crop genetic improvement and breeding, we present a brief overview of the miRBaseregistered crop miRNAs in this study. A total of 54 plants were identified from the 82 Viridiplantae species in the current version of miRBase, and were regarded as the crops. A total of 6316 precursors encoding 7422 mature miRNAs (miRBase release 22.1) were included in our survey. Based on the HC annotation criteria, we performed structure-and sequencing data-based analyses of the confidence of the crop miRNAs. According to the results, we propose suggestions for improvements of the HC annotation system and, moreover, discuss strategies for creating and maintaining an HC miRNA repository of crops. Finally, we hope that this study inspires more efforts devoted to HC miRNA discoveries for crop research.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Substandard starch grain4 may function in amyloplast development by influencing starch and lipid metabolism in rice endosperm

    Cai, YueChen, HaiyuanXiao, NingWu, Yunyu...
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：The amyloplast is a specialized plastid in rice endosperm cells where starch is synthesized and stored as starch granules (SGs). However, little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying amyloplast and SG development. In this study, a novel mutant (c134) demonstrating a floury endosperm with enlarged SGs and amyloplasts was identified. The floury endosperm was caused by rounder, loosely packed SG. Grain-quality profile and expression analysis showed reduced contents of total starch and amylose in the c134 mutant, as well as reduced expression of a number of genes involved in starch biosynthesis. Galactosyldiacylglycerol (GDG) content and fatty acid synthesis play important roles in plastid development, and in the c134 endosperm, an obvious decrease in GDG and various fatty acids was observed, with down-regulated expression of various genes involved in lipid biosynthesis. Furthermore, map-based cloning revealed an amino acid substitution (glycine to aspartic acid) in the substandard starch grain4 (SSG4) protein. The results of this study suggest that SSG4 influences the regulation of starch and lipid metabolism as well as amyloplast development, a finding that is useful for potential genetic improvement of rice grain quality in future starch and lipid breeding and biotechnology.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Phospholipase D8 and H2S increase the production of NADPH oxidase-dependent H2O2 to respond to osmotic stress-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana

    Liu, QinLiu, RuiruiZhou, YapingWang, Wei...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Osmotic stress is one of the main stresses that seriously affects the survival of plants, destroying normal cell activities, and potentially leading to plant death. Phospholipase D (PLD), a major lipid hydrolase, hydrolyzes membrane phospholipids to produce phosphatidic acid (PA) and responds to many abiotic stresses. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emerges as the third gaseous signaling molecule involved in the complex network of signaling events. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) plays a crucial role as a signaling molecule in plant development and growth, and responds to various abiotic and biotic stresses. In this study, the functions and the relationship of PLD8, H2S, and H2O2 in osmotic stress-induced stomatal closure were explored. By using the seedlings of ecotype (WT), PLDo-deficient mutant (pldo), L-cysteine desulfhydrase (LCD)-deficient mutant (lcd), and pldolcd double mutant, atrbohD, and atrbohF mutant as materials, and the stomatal aperture were analyzed. The relative water loss of pldo, lcd, and pld delta lcd was higher than that of WT. Exogenous PA and NaHS could partially alleviate the leaf wilting and yellowing phenotypes of pld delta, lcd, and pld delta lcd under osmotic stress, but the mutants could not be restored to the same phenotype as WT. The fluorescence intensity of H2O2 in guard cells of pld delta, lcd, and pld delta lcd was lower than that of WT, indicating that PLD delta and LCD were involved in the production of H2O2 in guard cells. Exogenous application of H2O2 to WT, pld delta, lcd, and pld delta lcd significantly induced stomatal closure under osmotic stress. Exogenous NaHS induced stomatal closure of WT, but could not induce stomatal closure of atrbohD and atrbohF under osmotic stress. These results suggest that the accumulation of H2O2 was essential to induce stomatal closure under osmotic stress, and PLD delta and LCD acted upstream of H2O2 .
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    LpNAC6 reversely regulates the alkali tolerance and drought tolerance of Lilium pumilum

    Yan, HaoLiu, BinCui, YingWang, Ying...
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：NAC transcription factors have multiple biological functions in plants. In this study, a new NAC transcription factor, LpNAC6, was cloned from Lilium pumilum, and its salt and drought resistance functions were identified. We treated LpNAC6 transgenic tobacco plants with different intensities of alkali and drought stress. Results showed that LpNAC6 transgenic tobacco had enhanced alkali tolerance, but decreased drought tolerance. Antioxidant enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT) activity, chlorophyll content, proline content, and photosynthetic capacity of transgenic tobacco were significantly higher than those of wild-type tobacco, while the contents of MDA, H2O2, and O-2 were significantly lower than those of wild-type tobacco. The expression level of stress-related genes in transgenic tobacco increased significantly, and the alkali tolerance was enhanced, but the opposite was true under drought stress. Our findings suggest that LpNAC6 has a reverse regulatory effect on alkaline and drought tolerance in plants, which is of great significance for plant screening and stress tolerance regulation of transgenic plants in arid saline-alkali land.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Molecular and functional characterization of a jasmonate resistant gene of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

    Tuan, Pham AnhShafai, TaliaKaur, GurkamalGrenier, Ginelle...
    7页
    查看更多>>摘要：Jasmonates play important roles in several plant developmental processes and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. This study identified a gene encoding jasmonate resistant 1 (JAR1) protein that catalyzes the production of bioactive jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) from hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L), designated as TaJAR1B. The nucleotide sequence of TaJAR1B and amino acid sequence of the corresponding protein exhibited high identity and similarity with other plant JAR1s. Feeding the culture of E. coli cells heterologously expressing TaJAR1B with jasmonic acid (JA) resulted in the production of JA-Ile, indicating the functionality of TaJAR1B in converting JA to JA-Ile. TaJAR1B was highly expressed in the internodes of adult plants and maturing seeds. Salt treatment induced the expression level of TaJAR1B in seedling tissues. Our results indicate that TaJAR1B encodes a functional JAR and is involved in the regulation of plant growth and developmental processes and response to salinity in wheat.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Soluble carbohydrate concentration and expression of expansin and xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase genes in epidermal and parenchyma cells during lily flower opening

    Watanabe, YusukeNiki, TomokoNorikoshi, RyoNakano, Masaru...
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：To understand the biochemical mechanism underlying flower opening, the manner of cell expansion, soluble carbohydrate concentration, and expression of expansin and xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) genes were investigated in the petals of Oriental lily (Lilium 'Sorbonne'). Microscopic observation revealed that petal growth during flower opening mainly depended on cell expansion, which was accompanied by increases in glucose and fructose concentrations in the petals. The adaxial and abaxial sides of the petals grew at different rates during flower opening with petal reflection. To determine the concentration of soluble carbohydrates and the expression of expansin and XTH genes in adaxial and abaxial epidermal cells and parenchyma cells, these cells were separated using tweezers. We confirmed that these cells could be sufficiently separated. Glucose and fructose concentrations were higher in adaxial epidermal cells than in abaxial epidermal cells at the stage immediately preceding flower opening, but these differences diminished during flower opening. Three expansin genes, LhEXPA1, LhEXPA2, and LhEXPA3, and two XTH genes, LhXTH1 and LhXTH2 were isolated. LhXTH1 transcript levels in the petals markedly increased during flower opening and were higher in adaxial epidermal cells than in other types of cells. Conversely, the levels of the three EXPA transcripts decreased during flower opening and there were slight differences in their levels among different cell types, with a few exceptions. In conclusion, differences in glucose and fructose concentrations between adaxial and abaxial epidermal cells, together with the expression of LhXTH1, may contribute to cell expansion associated with flower opening.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Polyamines: A bioenergetic smart switch for plant protection and development

    Navakoudis, EleniKotzabasis, Kiriakos
    16页
    查看更多>>摘要：The present review highlights the bioenergetic role of polyamines in plant protection and development and proposes a universal model for describing polyamine-mediated stress responses. Any stress condition induces an excitation pressure on photosystem II by reforming the photosynthetic apparatus. To control this phenomenon, polyamines act directly on the molecular structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus as well as on the components of the chemiosmotic proton-motive force (delta pH/delta psi), thus regulating photochemical (qP) and non photochemical quenching (NPQ) of energy. The review presents the mechanistic characteristics that underline the key role of polyamines in the structure, function, and bioenergetics of the photosynthetic apparatus upon light adaptation and/or under stress conditions. By following this mechanism, it is feasible to make stress sensitive plants to be tolerant by simply altering their polyamine composition (especially the ratio of putrescine to spermine), either chemically or by light regulation.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    D-type cyclin OsCYCD3;1 is involved in the maintenance of meristem activity to regulate branch formation in rice

    Tanaka, WakanaOhyama, AmiTominaga, RumiToriba, Taiyo...
    5页
    查看更多>>摘要：D-type cyclins (CYCDs) are involved in a wide range of biological processes, as one of the major regulators of cell cycle activity. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), three members of CYCD3 subgroup genes play important roles in plant development such as leaf development and branch formation. In rice (Oryza sativa), there is only one gene (OsCYCD3;1) belonging to the CYCD3 subgroup; its function is unknown. In this study, in order to elucidate the function of OsCYCD3;1, we generated knockout mutants of the gene and conducted developmental analysis. The knockout mutants showed a significantly reduced number of branches compared with a wild type, suggesting that OsCYCD3;1 promotes branch formation. Histological analysis showed that the activities of the axillary meristem and the shoot apical meristem (SAM) were compromised in these mutant plants. Our results suggest that OsCYCD3;1 promotes branch formation, probably by regulating cell division to maintain the ac-tivities of the axillary meristem and the SAM.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    The cytokinin-producing plant beneficial bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens G20-18 primes tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) for enhanced drought stress responses

    Mekureyaw, Mengistu F.Pandey, ChandanaHennessy, Rosanna C.Nicolaisen, Mette H....
    15页
    查看更多>>摘要：Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are known for exerting beneficial effects on plant growth and tolerance to plant pathogens. However, their specific role in mediating protection against abiotic stress remains underexplored. The aim of this study was to characterise the ability of the cytokinin-producing beneficial bac-terium Pseudomonas fluorescens G20-18 to enhance tomato growth and boost tolerance to drought stress. Tomato seedlings were root inoculated and their growth and physiological and molecular responses assessed under well-watered conditions and also in response to progressive drought stress and a subsequent recovery period. Root inoculation with G20-18 had a significant positive impact on tomato growth. Furthermore, G20-18 inoculated and drought-stressed plants showed higher leaf chlorophyll and abscisic acid (ABA) content and stomatal closure than non-inoculated controls. Root inoculation also increased the activity of different carbohydrate metabolism enzymes, which are important for root and leaf growth and development in drought stressed plants. A significant increase in the activity of different antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant capacity correlated with elevated levels of relevant secondary metabolites, such as phenolics, anthocyanins and flavonoids. RNA sequencing revealed distinct qualitative and quantitative differences in gene regulation in response to G20-18. Notably, the number of genes differentially regulated in response to G20-18 was approximately sevenfold higher during drought stress, indicating that root inoculation with the bacteria primed the plants for a much stronger tran-scriptionally regulated systemic drought stress response. The regulated genes are related to phenylalanine metabolism and other key processes linked to plant growth, development and drought stress resilience. A role of the ability of G20-18 to produce the plant hormone cytokinin for interaction with tomato was established by the cytokinin-deficient biosynthesis mutants CNT1 and CNT2. In comparison with G20-18, the inoculation of plants with CNT1 resulted in a reduced number of differentially regulated genes. The relative change was most prominent under well-watered conditions with a 85 % reduction, corresponding to 462 genes. However, under drought conditions the absolute number of differentially regulated genes was reduced by even 2219 in response to the CNT1 mutant. The relevance of the ability of G20-18 to produce cytokinins for interaction with plants was also evident from differences in growth and specific cell and ecophysiological parameters in response to CNT1 and CNT2. These findings provide novel insights about G20-18's ability to improve drought stress responses and the role of interkingdom signalling by bacterial-derived cytokinins, and contribute to enhance the robustness of the practical application of these microorganisms to improve crop resilience in agricultural production.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    GR24-mediated enhancement of salt tolerance and roles of H2O2 and Ca2+ in regulating this enhancement in cucumber

    Zhang, Xiao-HuaMa, ChengZhang, LuSu, Min...
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：This study investigated the regulation of the exogenous strigolactone (SL) analog GR24 in enhancing the salt tolerance and the effects of calcium ion (Ca2+) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on GR24's regulation effects in cucumber. The seedlings were sprayed with (1) distilled water (CK), (2) NaCl, (3) GR24, then NaCl, (4) GR24, then H2O2 scavenger, then NaCl, and (5) GR24, then Ca2+ blocker, then NaCl. The second true leaf was selected for biochemical assays. Under the salt stress, the exogenous GR24 maintained the ion balance, increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, reduced the membrane lipid peroxidation, and increased the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), accompanied by a decrease in relative conductivity, an increase in the proline content, and elevated gene expression levels of antioxidant enzymes, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), salt overly sensitive SOS1, CBL-interacting protein kinase 2 (CIPK2), and calcineurin B-like protein 3 (CBL3). Such protective effects triggered by GR24 were attenuated or almost abolished by ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA), lanthanum chloride (LaCl3, Ca2+ channel blocker), diphenyleneiodonium (DPI, NADPH oxidase inhibitor), and dimethylthiourea (DMTU, hydroxyl radical scavenger). Our data suggest that exogenous GR24 is highly effective in alleviating salt-induced damages via modulating antioxidant capabilities and improving ionic homeostasis and osmotic balance and that H2O2 and Ca2+ are required for GR24-mediated enhancement of salt tolerance.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier