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Journal of Alloys and Compounds
Elsevier Science S.A.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds

Elsevier Science S.A.

0925-8388

Journal of Alloys and Compounds/Journal Journal of Alloys and CompoundsSCIISTPEI
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    Fe?Co?S?Se-O nanoarrays for ultrahigh specific capacitance asymmetric supercapacitors

    Du X.Li J.Tong K.Zhang X....
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要:Developing multicomponent transition-metal sulfides has become an efficient way to improve the capacitive performance of single-component transition-metal sulfides. However, reports on quinary sulfides for supercapacitor applications are still scarce. A typical hydrothermal approach is carried out to introduce simultaneously S2? and Se2? in Fe?Co precursor to prepare an efficient quinary sulfur selenide metal material. The resulting Fe?Co?S?Se-O hybrid material nanoarrays manifest an ultrahigh specific capacitance of 2117 F g?1 at 1 A g?1, which is one of the best activities reported so far. In addition, 3D α-Fe2O3 material supporting on nickel foam as a cathode electrode was also prepared by a facile hydrothermal and calcining treatment process, which displays superior activity of 166 F g?1 at 1 A g?1. Moreover, an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) was constructed, employing Fe?Co?S?Se-O nanoarrays as the anode materials and α-Fe2O3 as the cathode materials in alkaline electrolytes, which presents a superior energy density of 36 W h kg?1 at 745 W kg?1 and a capacitance conservation rate of 96.7% after 8000 cycles. According to the results of density functional theory, the Co3S4 mainly improves the electrical conductivity of the material and the Se doped Fe2O3 mainly promotes the electrochemical behavior of the material. This work demonstrates that the Fe?Co?S?Se-O nanoarrays have potential applications in energy conversion and transportation and provides novel ideas for the design of robust, environmentally friendly and low cost electrodes.

    Fabrication of monoBODIPY-functionalized Fe3O4@SiO2@TiO2 nanoparticles for the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B under UV irradiation and the detection and removal of Cu(II) ions in aqueous solutions

    Bilgic A.
    3页
    查看更多>>摘要:In this study, the potential of magnetic fluorescence hybrid nanoparticle (Fe3O4@SiO2@TiO2-APTMS-monoBODIPY) for simultaneous detection and removal of inorganic contaminant Cu(II) ions and photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminant Rhodamine B (RhB) dye in aqueous solutions under UV light was investigated. Samples were synthesized at each stage, and the magnetic fluorescence hybrid nanoparticle was characterized by SEM, TEM, EDX, FTIR, and XRD. When Cu(II) ions were added to the Fe3O4@SiO2@TiO2-APTMS-monoBODIPY suspension mixture, the fluorescence intensity at ~ 543 nm decreased. In addition, the addition of Cu(II) ions in the presence of different cation species caused dramatic fluorescent quenching that was very selective for Cu(II) ions. The detection limit values of Cu(II) ions using the Fe3O4@SiO2@TiO2-APTMS-monoBODIPY is 0.47 μM. The prepared magnetic fluorescent hybrid nanoparticle was used for Cu(II) adsorption from aqueous solutions. Four different adsorption isotherms were calculated, and it was found that the Langmuir isotherm fit better, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 50.505 mg/g. Kinetic research followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated, and the adsorption of Cu(II) ions turned out to be endothermic, favorable, and spontaneous. RhB dyes in the suspension mixture were adsorbed on magnetic fluorescent hybrid nanomaterial in the dark with stirring for 30 min. Then after 60 min of mixing under UV light, they showed an RhB degradation percentage of 29.49%.

    Pd-Pt nanoparticles combined with ceria nanorods for application in oxygen reduction reactions in alkaline direct ethanol fuel cell cathodes

    Pinheiro V.S.Souza F.M.Gentil T.C.Nascimento A.N....
    14页
    查看更多>>摘要:Fuel cells are important energy conversion devices. However, challenges in this regard are still noted, such as low electrocatalyst efficiencies in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which occurs slowly in electrocatalyst cathodes. In this sense, this study aimed to synthetize hybrid binary and ternary electrocatalysts formed by palladium and platinum alloy nanoparticles and ceria nanorods (CeO2 NR) supported on carbon black Vulcan XC-72 (PdxPty/Vn and (Pd3Pt1)x(CeO2 NR)y(Vn)z) for the study of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and application as alkaline direct ethanol fuel cells (ADEFCs) cathodes. The binary and ternary hybrid electrocatalysts were characterized using different physicochemical and electrochemical techniques. The ternary hybrid electrocatalyst, (Pd3Pt1)15(CeO2 NR)10(Vn)75, reached higher open circuit voltage (OCV), maximum current and power densities, of 1.13 V, 219 mA cm-2 and 61 mW cm-2, respectively, compared to the commercial Pt/C Alfa Aesar (AA) and other evaluated electrocatalysts. The ternary hybrid electrocatalyst, (Pd3Pt1)15(CeO2 NR)10(Vn)75, is interesting for application as an ADEFC cathode targeting the ORR, due to an almost 3-fold maximum power density and almost twice the maximum current density compared to a commercial electrocatalyst with the same noble metal loading, explained by increased defects and oxygenated species in this electrocatalyst as revealed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Raman analyses.

    Enhancement of thermoelectric performance for n-type PbS via synergy of CuSbS2 alloying and Cl doping

    Li J.Li N.Wang G.Zhou X....
    7页
    查看更多>>摘要:Lead sulfide has attracted extensive attention as an outstanding thermoelectric material with practical energy conversion applications at intermediate temperature scope due to its cost-effectiveness and earth-abundant constituent elements. However, the naturally low carrier concentration and high thermal conductivity greatly restrict the thermoelectric performance of PbS-based materials. Herein, we present a significantly promoted thermoelectric performance in n-type PbS through synergistically promoting the electrical conductivity and suppressing lattice thermal conductivity with Cl doping and CuSbS2 alloying. The alloying with CuSbS2 lowers lattice thermal conductivity of PbS, which is essentially ascribed to point defect scattering. While the substitution of Cl for S in lattice significantly increases the Hall carrier concentration and carrier mobility, which prominently boosts electrical conductivity and thus results in high power factor of ~1.38 mW/mK2 at 723 K. Finally, compound with the nominal composition of (PbS0.98Cl0.02)0.95(CuSbS2)0.05 reaches a peak zT of ~0.76 at 773 K.

    Construction of three-dimensional electronic interconnected Na3V2(PO4)3/C as cathode for sodium ion batteries

    Cheng C.Zang X.Ma F.Hou W....
    7页
    查看更多>>摘要:The NASICON (Sodium super ion conductor)-type of Na3V2(PO4) (NVP) has a great potential for energy storage application due to its high voltage plateau, three-dimensional (3D) ionic diffusion channel, perfect thermal stability, and high structural robustness. Here, Na3V2(PO4)-based composites with 3D porous carbon skeleton structure were synthesized via hydrothermal methods. After a series of hydrolysis and polymerization processes, transparent colloid mainly containing (NH4)4Na2V10O28 phase was formed. The 3D porous hydrogel with the (NH4)4Na2[V10O28]·10H2O phase was produced by adjusting the reaction time. The product has a lamellar structure, and its ion is suitable to grow the nanosheets, and the present PO43- groups may be distributed in the (NH4)4Na2[V10O28]·10H2O phase of the interlayer structure, leading to the enhanced electronic conductivity. The 3D porous Na3V2(PO4)/C (NVP/C) with the size of 100–200 nm particles can be used as cathode for sodium ion batteries. The NVP/C delivers a specific capacity of 62.1 mAh g?1 at 10 C. The excellent stability of NVP/C can be obtained with 98% capacity retention after 140 cycles at 1 C. After 2000 cycles (5 C), the capacity is still 80.4 mAh g?1, with the capacity retention of about 86%. Our encouraging results may boost further studies of SIBs device by smart engineering of the electrode materials.

    Persistence of variant selection in red gold alloys

    Larcher M.N.D.Cayron C.Loge R.E.Blatter A....
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要:Recently, a new thermally activated distortion with amplification (TADA) effect has been reported in red gold alloys caused by the A1 → L10 phase transformation. The macroscopic amplification is due to the persistence of variant selection nucleated under stress but growing in stress-free condition. In this work, we show that the TADA effect can generate a compressive force whose absolute value exceeds 40 MPa in bending and uniaxial loading. Complementary EBSD analyses indicate that the compressive force has no influence on the variant selection initiated under tension. This result confirms that the A1 → L10 disorder-order phase transformation is diffusive, thermodynamically of 1st order, displacive and crystallographically continuous. The TADA force may be exploited for actuators.

    Synthesis and magnetic properties of Sb added MnBi magnets for applications at sub-zero temperatures

    Bae C.Lee G.Kang M.K.Lee H....
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要:MnBi-LTP bulk magnets containing substitutional Sb element were fabricated using gas-atomizing process, surfactant-assisted wet magnetic compaction process, and thermal compaction process. Magnetic properties and microstructures were investigated according to the processing parameters. It was found that substitutional Sb element effectively refined the grain size of gas-atomized powders. The conventional ball milling process was able to pulverize these powders into fine particles with a single crystalline structure and minimize their phase decomposition, resulting in a (BH)max of 11.0 MGOe. By analyzing the effects of the compaction pressure on the density and magnetic alignment during the surfactant-assisted wet compaction process, Mn54Bi45.9Sb0.1 bulk magnet with Hc of 10.0 kOe at room temperature and temperature coefficient Hc of 0.68%/K was successfully fabricated. Furthermore, effects of Sb element on the temperature dependency of Hc in the bulk magnet were discussed.

    Partial congener substitution induced centrosymmetric to noncentrosymmetric structural transformation and nonlinear optical properties of PbSnSiS4

    Wang P.Su X.Li J.Guo Z....
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要:The PbxSn2?xSiS4 series from 0 ≤ x ≤ 2 were investigated to study the influence of partial congener cationic substitution on structure and properties. While the centrosymmetric (CS) compounds Pb2SiS4 and Sn2SiS4 crystallizing in the centrosymmetric (CS) P21/c space group have been reported previously, the partial congener cationic substitution induced CS to noncentrosymmetric (NCS) structural transformation in this system and the formed NCS substitution variant PbSnSiS4 are introduced here for the first time. PbSnSiS4 crystallizes in P21 space group with the cell parameters a = 6.4334(8) ?; b = 6.6912(8) ?, c = 8.5037(10) ?, β = 108.576(4) °, Z = 2. The title compound shows a strong second harmonic generation (SHG) response (~ 1.1 × AgGaS2), high laser induced damage threshold (LIDT) (~3 × AgGaS2), and wide IR transparent region from 0.58 to 16.85 μm (down to zero). What's more, PbSnSiS4 exhibits good crystal growth habits, and millimeter-scale single crystals (~ 2 × 2 × 1 mm3) were obtained in a spontaneous crystallization way. The theoretical calculations indicate that the optical band gaps decrease with increasing Sn content from Pb2SiS4 (1.94 eV), PbSnSiS4 (1.82 eV), to Sn2SiS4 (1.69 eV). The results give an insight into the exploration of new NCS compounds with the congener cationic substitution strategy.

    Effect of Gd doping on magnetic and MCE properties of M-type barium hexaferrite

    Manglam M.K.Kar M.
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要:Gd doped barium hexaferrite (BaFe12?xGdxO19, x = 0.0–0.7) has been synthesized by the sol-gel method to explore its magnetic and MCE (magnetocaloric effect) properties. The materials crystallize to hexagonal magnetoplumbite phase. Average particle size decreases with the increase in Gd concentration in barium hexaferrite (BHF). The coercive field increases from 3.2 to 4.8 kOe, and saturation magnetization decreases from 68.21 to 54.23 emu/g with the increase in Gd concentration from x = 0.0 to x = 0.7. These large changes in magnetic parameters reveal the effect of Gd concentration in BHF. The saturation magnetization monotonously reduces with an increase in Gd concentration in BHF due to a decrease in average particle sizes. The saturation magnetization is found to be higher at a lower temperature (60 K) compared to that of room temperature (300 K). It is due to a reduction in thermal energy at low temperature which is smaller compared to the magnetic Gibbs free energy at low temperature. Hence, the magnetic spins are freezing along the applied magnetic field direction at the low temperature. Also, the magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant (obtained by the “Law of Approach to Saturation method”) is found to be more at low temperature compared to that of room temperature due to an increase in the strength of spin-orbit coupling with the decrease in temperature (i.e. thermal energy). The M-T curves and M-H hysteresis loops reveal paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition at the Curie temperature. The maximum entropy change was found to be in the range of 0.12–0.72 J/kgK in a window of the applied magnetic field of 0.5–3 T, and the corresponding RCPmax was found to be 2.5–27.5 J/kg. The present study opens a window to explore the MCE on BHF based material.

    Metal-organic framework derived binary-metal oxide/MXene composite as sulfur host for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries

    Wei A.Wang L.Li Z.
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要:As a promising high-energy chemical power source, lithium-sulfur batteries have attracted extensive attention due to their high theoretical specific capacity (1675 mAh g?1) and high theoretical energy density (2600 Wh kg?1). However, some prominent problems restrict the development of lithium-sulfur batteries, including poor intrinsic conductivity of sulfur, larger volume expansion, and the dissolution of polysulfide. Herein, the porous Zn-Co oxide derived from MOFs (metal-organic framework) coated by highly conductive MXene (ZnCo2O4@Ti3C2) is developed as an efficient sulfur immobilizer for lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs). Benefitting from the high electronic conductivity of MXene, chemical binding sites of metal oxide for polysulfides, and porous structure for ion transfer, the ZnCo2O4@Ti3C2/S composite demonstrates a balanced high electrochemical performance. A high initial discharge capacity of 1283.9 mAh g?1 with a high initial coulombic efficiency of 98.7% at a low current density of 0.1 C. In addition, this sample exhibits outstanding cycling performance at a high current density of 0.5 C. The results showed that the design strategy of MOFs-derived materials has great potential to promote the development of high-performance LSBs.